1. 关于Java Enum: 学过C/C++等语言的人,应该都对Enum类型略知一二。Enum一般用来表示一组相同类型的常量。如性别、日期、月份、颜色等。对这些属性用常量的好处是显而易见的,不仅可以保证单例,且比较时候可以用”==”来替换equals。是一种好的习惯。JDK1.5之前没有Enum这个类型,那时候一般用接口常量来替代。有了JavaEnum之后,可以更贴近的表示这种常量。
2. 如何使用Java Enum 简单的用法:JavaEnum简单的用法一般用于代表一组常用常量,可用来代表一类相同类型的常量值。如:
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性别: public
enum SexEnum {male, female;}颜色: public
enum Color {RED, BLUE,GREEN,BLACK;} |
枚举对象里面的值都必须是唯一的。
可以通过Enum类型名直接引用该常量,如SexEnum.male,Color.RED.
复杂用法:Java为枚举类型提供了一些内置的方法,同事枚举常量还可以有自己的方法。可以很方便的遍历枚举对象,看个下面的例子:
1. 代码一 WeekDay.java:
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public enum WeekDay {Mon("Monday"), Tue("Tuesday"), Wed("Wednesday"), Thu("Thursday"), Fri("Friday"), Sat("Saturday"), Sun("Sunday");private
final String day;private
WeekDay(String day) {this.day = day;}public
static void printDay(int
i){switch(i){case 1: System.out.println(WeekDay.Mon); break;case 2: System.out.println(WeekDay.Tue);break;case 3: System.out.println(WeekDay.Wed);break;case 4: System.out.println(WeekDay.Thu);break;case 5: System.out.println(WeekDay.Fri);break;case 6: System.out.println(WeekDay.Sat);break;case 7: System.out.println(WeekDay.Sun);break;default:System.out.println("wrong number!");}}public
String getDay() {return
day; } }2. 代码二 WeekDayTest.java:public
class WeekDayTest {public
static void main(String args[]) {for (WeekDay day : WeekDay.values()) {System.out.println(day + "====>"
+ day.getDay()); } WeekDay.printDay(5);}}输出结果为:Mon====>MondayTue====>TuesdayWed====>WednesdayThu====>ThursdayFri====>FridaySat====>SaturdaySun====>SundayFri |
3. Java Enum原理
Java Enum类型的语法结构尽管和java类的语法不一样,应该说差别比较大。但是经过编译器编译之后产生的是一个class文件。该class文件经过反编译可以看到实际上是生成了一个类,该类继承了java.lang.Enum<E>.
WeekDay经过反编译(javap WeekDay命令)之后得到的内容如下(去掉了汇编代码):
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public final class WeekDay extends
java.lang.Enum{public static final WeekDay Mon;public static final WeekDay Tue;public static final WeekDay Wed;public static final WeekDay Thu;public
static final WeekDay Fri;public
static final WeekDay Sat;public
static final WeekDay Sun;static
{};public
static void printDay(int);public
java.lang.String getDay();public
static WeekDay[] values();public
static WeekDay valueOf(java.lang.String);} |
所以实际上Enum类型就是以Java类来实现的,没有什么新的特点,只不过java编译器帮我们做了语法的解析和编译。完全也可以自己实现。但是既然有这样方便一个东西,当然会去用了。
使用实例:
1》:以Class定义的
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public class PCUEnum { public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out .println(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.get(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.DELETED)); }public enum TaskStatus { // 1:等待执行 2:正在执行 3:执行完毕 4:执行失败 5:暂停 100:已经删除 101:已经送审 NOTINQUEUE,WAITING, EXECUTING, EXECUTED, FAILED, SUSPEND, DELETED,WAITING_AUDIT;public
static int get(TaskStatus s) { int result = 0; switch
(s) { case
NOTINQUEUE: result=0; break; case
WAITING: result = 1; break; case
EXECUTING: result = 2; break; case
EXECUTED: result = 3; break; case
FAILED: result = 4; break; case
SUSPEND: result = 5; break; case
DELETED: result = 100; break; case
WAITING_AUDIT: result = 101; break; } return
result; } } } |
1.1》:以类为实例:
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public class EnumClass {enum explore { HERE, THERE } enum
WeekDay { Mon("Monday"), Tue("Tuesday"), Wed("Wednesday"), Thu("Thursday"), Fri("Friday"), Sat("Saturday"), Sun("Sunday"), Wro("Wrong day");private
String day;WeekDay(String day){ this.day = day; }public String getDay() { return
day; } } public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(EnumClass.explore.HERE); System.out.println("--------"); for(EnumClass.WeekDay day : EnumClass.WeekDay.values()) { System.out.println(day.getDay()); } } } |
2》:以Enum定义的
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package
com.zhou.test;public enum TaskEnumStatus { NOTINQUEUE(1),WAITING(2), EXECUTING(3), EXECUTED(4), FAILED(5), SUSPEND(6), DELETED(7),WAITING_AUDIT(8); private
int
i; private
TaskEnumStatus(int
i) { this.i = i; } public
int getEnumStatus() { return
i; }}public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE + "="
+ TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE.getEnumStatus()); } |
2.1》:以Enum定义
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public enum UserStatusEnum { DISABLE("disable"), ENABLE("enable"); private
String value; UserStatusEnum(String value){ this.value = value; } public
String getValue() { return
value; } public
String toString() { return
value; } public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(UserStatusEnum.DISABLE); } } |
2.2》:以Enum定义
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public enum NumberEnum { CONST_FOUR(4), CONST_ENIGHT(8), CONST_NINE(999999); private
final int value; NumberEnum(int
value) { this.value = value; } public
int getValue() { return
value; } public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(NumberEnum.CONST_ENIGHT.getValue()); } } |
原文地址:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_52fea7b60100phjl.html
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Java中的Enum(枚举)用法介绍,布布扣,bubuko.com
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/gxbk629/p/3649450.html