专业英语

时间：2016-01-25 15:00:37 阅读：208 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

Heart-Shaped line　　–ρ=a(1-sinθ）　　心形线

Excellence is never an accident. It is the result of high intention, sincere effort and intelligent execution.

Choice, not chance, determines your destiny, dreams and values.

——Aristotle

优秀绝不是一个偶然。它是强烈的动机、不懈的努力和智慧的共同结果。

不是机遇，而是你的选择，决定了你的命运、梦想和价值。

—— 亚里斯多德

专业英语特点

　　–长句多

　　–被动语态使用的多

　　–虚拟语态表达假设或建议

　　–在说明书、手册中广泛使用祈使语句

　　–名词性词组多

　　–非限定动词（动名词、分词、不定式）使用率高

　　–介词短语多

　　–常用“It…”句型结构

　　–常使用动词或名词演化成的形容词

　　–希腊词根和拉丁词根比例大

　　–经常出现缩写词，缩略方式使用频繁

　　–插图、表格、公式、数字的比例大

　　–合成新词多

科技文章的特点

　　•科技文章是以传播科技信息为主的文体，内容客观准确，数据完整，很少存在个人主观见解和感情色彩。

　　•科技文章重在表达科学原理、技术流程，语言规范、正式，句子结构完整，逻辑清晰，常常有长句出现，并配有大量的公式、图表。

　　•科技文章中使用大量的科技术语。这些术语是承载科技要领的语言符号，在高新技术领域占有重要的地位，更是科技翻译的难点。术语的翻译往往需要认真研究原始的概念，精心的构思译名，并遵守有关的标准及规范。

　　•使用大量图表、数据来证明文章的论点。

前后缀

名词词缀			形容词词缀			动词词缀
词缀	含义	词例	词缀	含义	词例	词缀	含义	词例

auto-	self	automobile	in-	not	insufficient	Ab-	being away from	abbreviation
bi-	Two	binary	im-		impossible	de-	can not，being worse than	Degenerate
counter-	against	counterexample	un-		unstable
inter-	between	interface	super-	Above	Supersonic
dict-	Speak	dictionary	-able		Noticeable	trans-	across	transform， transparent
-scope	see	microscope	-ive		effective	trans-	across	transform， transparent

特殊符号

符号	意义
º	is equivalent to
»	is similar to
Ó	Copyright
Ò	Register (已注册)
Ô	Trade Mark (已申请)
@	at

符号与方程

a>b a is greater than b

a≤b a is less than or equal to b

x→∞ x approaches infinity

aµb a is proportional to b

90° ninety degrees

25°C twenty-five degree centigrated

25°F twenty-five degree Fahrenheit

X²x squared

³√x the cube root of x

y´ y prime

log_a b logarithm b to the base a

分数、小数及百分比

1/3 – one third

1/4 – one quarter

2/5 – two-fifths

3‰ – three per mil

2 5/16 - two and five sixteenths

口头学术报告的注意事项

　　•会前预演

　　　　–宣讲人在会前要写宣讲提纲，并熟记在心；

　　　　–在会前要作多次模拟宣讲，严格按照时间和规程的要求；

　　　　–可请亲人、同学、朋友听讲，提出意见，加以修改。

　　•目光坦诚

　　　　–宣讲人要用坦诚，自信的目光看向听众，切忌一直盯着屏幕和讲稿，切忌眼光发飘，躲躲闪闪。

　　•遵守时间

　　　　–该停就停，切忌罗琐；

　　•自然放松

　　　　–宣讲时的紧张情绪是普遍而正常的。要控制这种情绪，一方面要做到对要介绍的内容彻底了解，另一方面要避弱就强，即相信自己所讲，正确、清晰地叙述自己的工作和懂的地方，并辅佐少量手势。

　　　　–语速适当，过快过慢都妨碍与听众的交流。

　　•回答问题

　　　　–聆听听众问题要专心，回答问题要直奔中心主题，切忌绕圈子；

　　　　–回答不出的问题，可以表示“这个问题很好，我思考一下，会后和您讨论。”或“我们没有考虑到这方面的要求，在下一步工作中将仔细研究”。

　　　　–切忌文过饰非。

开场白常用套语

　　1.Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen:

　　2.Madam Chairman, ladies and gentlemen:

　　3.Thank you, Professor Li. Ladies and gentlemen:

　　4.Thank you, Dr. Becker, for your gracious introduction.

　　5.I am delighted (very glad/very happy/very pleased) to be here.

　　6.I am particularly honored to have been invited to speak at this conference.

　　7.It’s a great pleasure to be here and to be given the honor of opening the discussion on this important topic.

　　8.I would like to begin my talk by thanking the organizers for inviting me to take part in this symposium.

　　9.It’s a great pleasure (honor) for me to be allowed to speak about...

　　10.It’s a great pleasure (honor) for me to have the opportunity of giving the final lecture in this congress.

　　11.I am very glad to have the opportunity to introduce our work on …

进入论题和阐述观点的常用语

　　1.Today I would like to talk to you about some of our work in the field of ABC.

　　2.Today I would like to give a talk on various aspects of the application of ABC.

　　3.I would like to talk about our work in the field of …

　　4.Today I will be speaking mostly about ABC, but I will also cover DEF later on.

　　5.My topic today will deal with one of the most serious problems we are facing today.

　　6.The paper I am going to present today will describe some of the important aspects of ABC.

　　7.I should like to give this talk in three parts. The first part deals with ABC. The 2nd part concerns DEF, and then the last part relates to GHI.

　　8.I will first discuss ABC, then I will touch on DEF, and finally describe GHI.

　　9.I would like to make three points with respect to ABC. The first point relates to …. The second point concerns…

　　10.The first point I’d like to make about ABC is that...

　　11.I want to go back to DEF.

　　12.Now, let’s talk about (look at, go over, go through, discuss) ABC.

　　13.In the interest of time, I won’t go into details on this subject.

　　14.I’m afraid I won’t have time to cover everything of ABC.

　　15.I don’t have time to go into detail on this subject.

　　16.I am not going to say much more about that except to tell you that …

　　17.I think I will leave out this part to spare time

　　18.I have to skip this part because of time limitation.

　　19.In the first part of this paper I am going to talk about ...

　　20.The next question is the connection between ABC and DEF.

　　21.I will go over from ABC to DEF.

　　22.Here I will go into details on this issue.

使用幻灯片时的表达

　　1.May （Could） I have the first slide， please？

　　2.May I proceed to the next slide， please？

　　3.The next slide will show you…

　　4.This slide will give you an outline of …

　　5.As you can see here, …

　　6.Could you sharpen it a little bit, please?

　　7.Could you give us a better focus?

　　8.The slide is upside down, please adjust it. …

　　9.Could you move it up a little, please ?

　　10.That one is in the wrong place. Go to the next one first , please.

　　11.May I have the previous slide, please?

　　12.Could I skip to the next slide?

如何改正口误

　　1.I’d like to divide my presentation into four parts, three parts, I should say.

　　2.…in 1931, sorry, in 1951,…

　　3.ABC is transformed in DEF, excuse me, in GHI.

　　4.The so-called B-tree, I beg your pardon, B+-tree, is...

学术报告的结尾

　　1.I would like to conclude with a few general remarks on ABC.

　　2.May I conclude my talk with a few more general remarks ?

　　3.Finally, as a summary statement, I would like to say that…

　　4.I would like to close by saying that …

　　5.Now, I would like to sum up our investigation.

　　6.Now, I am going to conclude my presentation.

　　7.Thank you very much for your kind attention.

　　8.Thank you for your patience in listening to rather a long talk.

学术讨论的表达方式常用的提问语句

　　1.I would like to ask Mr. Li a question.

　　2.May I address (put /direct/pose) a question to Mr. Li ?

　　3.I’d like to raise a question about ABC.

　　4.There’s something I’d like to ask.

　　5.I’d like to ask how you solved the question, Mr. Bauman?

　　6.Ms. Li, I wonder if you would care to comment on this point.

　　7.I wonder if you would be good enough to explain it.

　　8.I wonder why the emphasis is on ABC rather than DEF.

　　9.I am curious why you used this method in your experiments.

　　10.I am anxious to hear Mr. Wu’s opinion about ABC.

　　11.I am interested in how you used this method in your experiments.

　　12.You’ve not told me about ABC.

　　13.What is the cause of the delay (difference)?

　　14.Could you tell us why?

　　15.Can you make a distinction between ABC and DEF?

　　16.What are the merits and demerits of ABC?

　　17.What is your evidence for this theory ?

　　18.I’d like to ask Mr. Qi if he could explain ABC more clearly.

　　19.I’d like to know a little more about that.

　　20.I wonder if you are aware of similarity between ABC and DEF.

　　21.I’m sorry, I could’t hear what you said.

　　22.Are you asking me questions about ABC?

　　23.I beg your pardon?

常用的回答语句

　　1.Yes （certainly/That’s true)

　　2.Let me reply very rapidly to the first question.

　　3.In answer to the second question, I would say that …

　　4.My answer to that question is that …

　　5.I am not aware of any similarity between ABC and DEF.

　　6.May I answer your second question first?

　　7.As to ABC, I have no knowledge of any kind.

　　8.I am not sure. / I ’m afraid I don’t know.

　　9.I honestly cannot answer this question.

　　10.I don’t have any evidence to support ABC.

　　11.I don’t have sufficient data on ABC.

　　12.I can’t give you any quantitative data to explain this.

　　13.I think it will be possible to answer this question when more experiments are completed.

　　14.That’s all I can say at present.

　　15.I have only a partial answer to that question.

　　16.That’s a good question.

　　17.That’s a interesting/hard/difficult question.

　　18.I think Dr. Li’s question is really to the point.

　　19.If I understand your question correctly, I can say that.

　　20.I think, this question could be best answered by Dr. Stadt.

　　21.Does that answer your question?

　　22.I hope this answered your question.

发表意见的方法

　　1.I would like to make a comment on ABC.

　　2.I’d just like to make a few comments to clarify some of the points made earlier that I believe might be misunderstood.

　　3.Allow me to make a comment on ABC.

　　4.I would like to make a remark about ABC.

　　5.I would like to offer (present/give/express/state) my opinion on this subject.

　　6.In my opinion ABC is perhaps the most important discovery in electronics.

　　7.I believe that the theory is sound.

　　8.We see no reason for limitations to be placed on ABC

　　9.I am convinced of its truth.

　　10.I must say you are exaggerating (夸张）.

　　11.Let me point out one more thing.

　　12.I would think you are mistaken.

　　13.I don’t know if that is a satisfactory answer to your question.

　　14.Maybe we should hold a meeting to discuss this problem.

　　15.It seems as if he is hiding some important facts.

专业英语

原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/sweetyu/p/5157228.html

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