1、什么是LAMP
LAMP=linux+apache+mysql+php
Apache是一种web服务器。mysql是一种小型数据库。php是一种语言，可以写网站程序。
静态网页和动态网页的区别是否涉及数据库。
rpm包类似于windows的.exe程序，依赖平台redhat、centos。源码包大多是C语言写的，是看得见的、可以更改，且不依赖于平台。
2、安装mysql（按顺序安装）
（1）下载mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz 二进制免编译包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ //默认将安装包放在此目录 [root@localhost src]# wget http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz //下载32位mysql免编译包 --2014-04-16 09:13:27-- http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz Resolving syslab.comsenz.com... 180.153.5.50 Connecting to syslab.comsenz.com|180.153.5.50|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 123633020 (118M) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: “mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz” 100%[======================================>] 123,633,020 190K/s in 12m 44s 2014-04-16 09:26:21 (158 KB/s) - “mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz” saved [123633020/123633020]
（2）解压mysql免编译包
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz
（3）将解压目录移到并改名为/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost src]# mv mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql
（4）创建mysql用户，不能登录
[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
（5）创建存放数据的目录/data/mysql
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
（6）更改/data/mysql属性
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
（7）初始化数据库
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql Installing MySQL system tables... ERROR: 1004 Can‘t create file ‘/tmp/#sql52f_1_0.frm‘ (errno: 13) #出现这种问题，解决方法如下： [root@localhost mysql]# chmod -R 777 /tmp 再重新初始化 [root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK //出现两个ok就是初始化成功
（8）定义配置文件
[root@localhost support-files]# ls //配置文件模板 binary-configure my-huge.cnf mysqld_multi.server config.huge.ini my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf mysql-log-rotate config.medium.ini my-large.cnf mysql.server config.small.ini my-medium.cnf ndb-config-2-node.ini magic my-small.cnf [root@localhost support-files]# cp my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf‘? y //mysql配置文件默认放在/etc/my.cnf
（9）修改配置文件
[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf key_buffer_size = 128M //128M实验环境足够用了 #log-bin=mysql-bin //主生成二进制文件，从读取二进制文件
（10）定义启动脚本并添加到服务
[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld //拷贝文件到/etc/init.d目录下 [root@localhost support-files]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld //修改权限 [root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld //添加服务 [root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --list |grep mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off //查看服务，0-6表示运行级别，off和on表示所在的运行级别此服务的开启还是关闭。
（11）指定datadir
[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld datadir=/data/mysql
（12）启动mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! //启动成功
（13）mysql日志
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /data/mysql/ [root@localhost mysql]# ls ibdata1 ib_logfile1 localhost.localdomain.pid test ib_logfile0 localhost.localdomain.err mysql
3、安装Apache
（1）下载httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz源码包
[root@localhost src]# wget http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz
（2）校验源码包
[root@localhost src]# md5sum httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz 7f33f2c8b213ad758c009ae46d2795ed httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz
（3）解压源码包
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz
（4）编译安装
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.16]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-included-apr --enable-deflate=shared --enable-expires=shared --enable-rewrite=shared --with-pcre #报错1;checking for zlib location... not found checking whether to enable mod_deflate... configure: error: mod_deflate has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures #解决方法： [root@localhost httpd-2.2.16]# yum list |grep zlib zlib.i686 1.2.3-29.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4 jzlib.i686 1.0.7-7.5.el6 base jzlib-demo.i686 1.0.7-7.5.el6 base jzlib-javadoc.i686 1.0.7-7.5.el6 base zlib-devel.i686 1.2.3-29.el6 base zlib-static.i686 1.2.3-29.el6 base [root@localhost httpd-2.2.16]# yum -y install zlib-devel [root@localhost httpd-2.2.16]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-included-apr --enable-deflate=shared --enable-expires=shared --enable-rewrite=shared --with-pcre //再配置 [root@localhost httpd-2.2.16]# make && make install //编译安装
最好去官网下载指定的包
（5）启动apache
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName 解决方法： [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf ServerName localhost [root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt |grep httpd tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 7521/httpd
4、安装php
（1）下源码包php-5.3.27.tar.gz
[root@client src]# wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.27.tar.gz
（2）解压php
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz
（3）配置php
[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.3.27 [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif --disable-ipv6
报错1：
configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解决1：
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum list |grep libxml2 libxml2.i686 2.7.6-8.el6_3.4 @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4 libxml2.i686 2.7.6-14.el6 base libxml2-devel.i686 2.7.6-14.el6 base libxml2-python.i686 2.7.6-14.el6 base libxml2-static.i686 2.7.6-14.el6 base [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum install -y libxml2-devel
报错2：
configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL‘s <evp.h>
解决2：
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum list |grep openssl openssl.i686 1.0.1e-16.el6_5.7 @updates krb5-pkinit-openssl.i686 1.10.3-15.el6_5.1 updates openssl-devel.i686 1.0.1e-16.el6_5.7 updates openssl-perl.i686 1.0.1e-16.el6_5.7 updates openssl-static.i686 1.0.1e-16.el6_5.7 updates openssl098e.i686 0.9.8e-17.el6.centos.2 base [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum install -y openssl-devel
报错3：
checking for BZip2 in default path... not found configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
解决3：
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum list |grep bzip2 bzip2.i686 1.0.5-7.el6_0 @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4 bzip2-libs.i686 1.0.5-7.el6_0 @anaconda-CentOS-201303020136.i386/6.4 bzip2-devel.i686 1.0.5-7.el6_0 base [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum install -y bzip2-devel
报错4：
configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
解决4：
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum list |grep jpeg libjpeg-turbo.i686 1.2.1-3.el6_5 updates libjpeg-turbo-devel.i686 1.2.1-3.el6_5 updates libjpeg-turbo-static.i686 1.2.1-3.el6_5 updates openjpeg.i686 1.3-10.el6_5 updates openjpeg-devel.i686 1.3-10.el6_5 updates openjpeg-libs.i686 1.3-10.el6_5 updates [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum install -y libjpeg-turbo-devel
报错5：
configure: error: png.h not found.
解决5：
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum list |grep png dvipng.i686 1.11-3.2.el6 base libpng.i686 2:1.2.49-1.el6_2 base libpng-devel.i686 2:1.2.49-1.el6_2 base libpng-static.i686 2:1.2.49-1.el6_2 base [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum install -y libpng-devel
报错6：
configure: error: freetype.h not found.
解决6：
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum list |grep freetype freetype.i686 2.3.11-14.el6_3.1 base freetype-demos.i686 2.3.11-14.el6_3.1 base freetype-devel.i686 2.3.11-14.el6_3.1 base [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum install -y freetype-devel
报错7：
configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
解决7：
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# rpm -ivh "http://www.lishiming.net/data/attachment/forum/month_1211/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm" Retrieving http://www.lishiming.net/data/attachment/forum/month_1211/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.CBYMdI: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:epel-release ########################################### [100%] [root@localhost php-5.3.27]# yum install -y libmcrypt-devel
（4）编译安装
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make && make install
5、apache支持php配置
（1）添加配置
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php（2）检测配置文件是否有错
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -t Syntax OK
（3）编辑测试页
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/1.php <?php Echo "wellcome to php ！"; ?>
（4）测试
[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# curl localhost/1.php wellcome to php ![root@localhost php-5.3.27]#
扩展学习
1、什么是扩展模块
2、添加扩展模块
3、常用技巧
本文出自 “linux成长之路” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://linuxlovers.blog.51cto.com/6787002/1396242
原文：http://linuxlovers.blog.51cto.com/6787002/1396242