constructor属性始终指向创建当前对象的构造函数。比如下面例子:
- var arr = [1, 56, 34, 12];
- console.log(arr.constructor === Array);
- var Foo = function() { };
- console.log(Foo.constructor === Function);
- var obj = new Foo();
- console.log(obj.constructor === Foo);
-
- console.log(obj.constructor.constructor === Function);
但是当constructor遇到prototype时,有趣的事情就发生了。
我们知道每个函数都有一个默认的属性prototype,而这个prototype的constructor默认指向这个函数。如下例所示:
- function Person(name) {
- this.name = name;
- };
- Person.prototype.getName = function() {
- return this.name;
- };
- var p = new Person("ZhangSan");
-
- console.log(p.constructor === Person);
- console.log(Person.prototype.constructor === Person);
- console.log(p.constructor.prototype.constructor === Person);
当时当我们重新定义函数的prototype时(注意:和上例的区别,这里不是修改而是覆盖),constructor属性的行为就有点奇怪了,如下示例:
- function Person(name) {
- this.name = name;
- };
- Person.prototype = {
- getName: function() {
- return this.name;
- }
- };
- var p = new Person("ZhangSan");
- console.log(p.constructor === Person);
- console.log(Person.prototype.constructor === Person);
- console.log(p.constructor.prototype.constructor === Person);
为什么呢?
原来是因为覆盖Person.prototype时,等价于进行如下代码操作:
- Person.prototype = new Object({
- getName: function() {
- return this.name;
- }
- });
而constructor属性始终指向创建自身的构造函数,所以此时Person.prototype.constructor === Object,即是:
- function Person(name) {
- this.name = name;
- };
- Person.prototype = {
- getName: function() {
- return this.name;
- }
- };
- var p = new Person("ZhangSan");
- console.log(p.constructor === Object);
- console.log(Person.prototype.constructor === Object);
- console.log(p.constructor.prototype.constructor === Object);
怎么修正这种问题呢?方法也很简单,重新覆盖Person.prototype.constructor即可:
- function Person(name) {
- this.name = name;
- };
- Person.prototype = new Object({
- getName: function() {
- return this.name;
- }
- });
- Person.prototype.constructor = Person;
- var p = new Person("ZhangSan");
- console.log(p.constructor === Person);
- console.log(Person.prototype.constructor === Person);
- console.log(p.constructor.prototype.constructor === Person);
JavaScript类和继承:constructor属性
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/yujinbin/p/5195039.html