网上关于这个方面的文章也不少,基本的思路是线程+缓存来解决。下面提出一些优化:
1、采用线程池
2、内存缓存+文件缓存
3、内存缓存中网上很多是采用SoftReference来防止堆溢出,这儿严格限制只能使用最大JVM内存的1/4
4、对下载的图片进行按比例缩放,以减少内存的消耗
具体的代码里面说明。先放上内存缓存类的代码MemoryCache.java:
- public class MemoryCache {
-
- private static final String TAG = "MemoryCache";
-
-
-
- private Map<String, Bitmap> cache = Collections
- .synchronizedMap(new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(10, 1.5f, true));
-
- private long size = 0;
-
- private long limit = 1000000;
-
- public MemoryCache() {
-
- setLimit(Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 4);
- }
-
- public void setLimit(long new_limit) {
- limit = new_limit;
- Log.i(TAG, "MemoryCache will use up to " + limit / 1024. / 1024. + "MB");
- }
-
- public Bitmap get(String id) {
- try {
- if (!cache.containsKey(id))
- return null;
- return cache.get(id);
- } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
- return null;
- }
- }
-
- public void put(String id, Bitmap bitmap) {
- try {
- if (cache.containsKey(id))
- size -= getSizeInBytes(cache.get(id));
- cache.put(id, bitmap);
- size += getSizeInBytes(bitmap);
- checkSize();
- } catch (Throwable th) {
- th.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
-
-
- private void checkSize() {
- Log.i(TAG, "cache size=" + size + " length=" + cache.size());
- if (size > limit) {
-
- Iterator<Entry<String, Bitmap>> iter = cache.entrySet().iterator();
- while (iter.hasNext()) {
- Entry<String, Bitmap> entry = iter.next();
- size -= getSizeInBytes(entry.getValue());
- iter.remove();
- if (size <= limit)
- break;
- }
- Log.i(TAG, "Clean cache. New size " + cache.size());
- }
- }
-
- public void clear() {
- cache.clear();
- }
-
-
- long getSizeInBytes(Bitmap bitmap) {
- if (bitmap == null)
- return 0;
- return bitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight();
- }
- }
也可以使用SoftReference,代码会简单很多,但是我推荐上面的方法。
- public class MemoryCache {
-
- private Map<String, SoftReference<Bitmap>> cache = Collections
- .synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, SoftReference<Bitmap>>());
-
- public Bitmap get(String id) {
- if (!cache.containsKey(id))
- return null;
- SoftReference<Bitmap> ref = cache.get(id);
- return ref.get();
- }
-
- public void put(String id, Bitmap bitmap) {
- cache.put(id, new SoftReference<Bitmap>(bitmap));
- }
-
- public void clear() {
- cache.clear();
- }
-
- }
下面是文件缓存类的代码FileCache.java:
- public class FileCache {
-
- private File cacheDir;
-
- public FileCache(Context context) {
-
-
- if (android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
- android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))
- cacheDir = new File(
- android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
- "LazyList");
- else
- cacheDir = context.getCacheDir();
- if (!cacheDir.exists())
- cacheDir.mkdirs();
- }
-
- public File getFile(String url) {
-
- String filename = String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
-
-
- File f = new File(cacheDir, filename);
- return f;
-
- }
-
- public void clear() {
- File[] files = cacheDir.listFiles();
- if (files == null)
- return;
- for (File f : files)
- f.delete();
- }
-
- }
最后最重要的加载图片的类,ImageLoader.java:
- public class ImageLoader {
-
- MemoryCache memoryCache = new MemoryCache();
- FileCache fileCache;
- private Map<ImageView, String> imageViews = Collections
- .synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap<ImageView, String>());
-
- ExecutorService executorService;
-
- public ImageLoader(Context context) {
- fileCache = new FileCache(context);
- executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
- }
-
-
- final int stub_id = R.drawable.stub;
-
-
- public void DisplayImage(String url, ImageView imageView) {
- imageViews.put(imageView, url);
-
-
- Bitmap bitmap = memoryCache.get(url);
- if (bitmap != null)
- imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
- else {
-
- queuePhoto(url, imageView);
- imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
- }
- }
-
- private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView) {
- PhotoToLoad p = new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView);
- executorService.submit(new PhotosLoader(p));
- }
-
- private Bitmap getBitmap(String url) {
- File f = fileCache.getFile(url);
-
-
- Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);
- if (b != null)
- return b;
-
-
- try {
- Bitmap bitmap = null;
- URL imageUrl = new URL(url);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) imageUrl
- .openConnection();
- conn.setConnectTimeout(30000);
- conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
- conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
- InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
- OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
- CopyStream(is, os);
- os.close();
- bitmap = decodeFile(f);
- return bitmap;
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- ex.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- }
- }
-
-
- private Bitmap decodeFile(File f) {
- try {
-
- BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
- o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
- BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o);
-
-
- final int REQUIRED_SIZE = 70;
- int width_tmp = o.outWidth, height_tmp = o.outHeight;
- int scale = 1;
- while (true) {
- if (width_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE
- || height_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE)
- break;
- width_tmp /= 2;
- height_tmp /= 2;
- scale *= 2;
- }
-
-
- BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
- o2.inSampleSize = scale;
- return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2);
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- }
- return null;
- }
-
-
- private class PhotoToLoad {
- public String url;
- public ImageView imageView;
-
- public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i) {
- url = u;
- imageView = i;
- }
- }
-
- class PhotosLoader implements Runnable {
- PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
-
- PhotosLoader(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) {
- this.photoToLoad = photoToLoad;
- }
-
- @Override
- public void run() {
- if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
- return;
- Bitmap bmp = getBitmap(photoToLoad.url);
- memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp);
- if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
- return;
- BitmapDisplayer bd = new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad);
-
- Activity a = (Activity) photoToLoad.imageView.getContext();
- a.runOnUiThread(bd);
- }
- }
-
-
- boolean imageViewReused(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) {
- String tag = imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView);
- if (tag == null || !tag.equals(photoToLoad.url))
- return true;
- return false;
- }
-
-
- class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable {
- Bitmap bitmap;
- PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
-
- public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, PhotoToLoad p) {
- bitmap = b;
- photoToLoad = p;
- }
-
- public void run() {
- if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
- return;
- if (bitmap != null)
- photoToLoad.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
- else
- photoToLoad.imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
- }
- }
-
- public void clearCache() {
- memoryCache.clear();
- fileCache.clear();
- }
-
- public static void CopyStream(InputStream is, OutputStream os) {
- final int buffer_size = 1024;
- try {
- byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer_size];
- for (;;) {
- int count = is.read(bytes, 0, buffer_size);
- if (count == -1)
- break;
- os.write(bytes, 0, count);
- }
- } catch (Exception ex) {
- }
- }
- }
主要流程是先从内存缓存中查找,若没有再开线程,从文件缓存中查找都没有则从指定的url中查找,并对bitmap进行处理,最后通过下面方法对UI进行更新操作。
在你的程序中的基本用法:
- ImageLoader imageLoader=new ImageLoader(context);
- ...
- imageLoader.DisplayImage(url, imageView);
比如你的放在你的ListView的adapter的getView()方法中,当然也适用于GridView。
OK,先到这。
Android之ListView异步加载网络图片(优化缓存机制)
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/lgy0069/p/5223330.html