是电脑编程语言，可以以简单的方式快速完成复杂的事情，所以python比C、C++、Java之类的编程语言简单容易
脚本可以让原本用键盘进行的交互式操作自动化，用户可以使用脚本将一些常用的操作组合成一组串行，便于操作
IDLE是python程序的基本IDE(集成开发环境)，具备基本的IDE功能，用于基础python开发效果不错
IDLE是一个Shell(外壳)，类似Windows的cmd窗口，是一个通过键入文本与程序交互的途径
打开界面后会出现如下代码，>>>代表python已准备好，可以输入代码了，类似matlab
1 Python 3.4.4 (v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6, Dec 20 2015, 20:20:57) [MSC v.1600 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 2 Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information. 3 >>>
正确代码：结尾处不需要“；”号
>>> print("Hello World!") Hello World!
花样代码：
1 >>> print(2+3) 2 5 3 >>> 2+3 4 5 5 >>> 987*123 6 121401
1 >>> print("I love"+"you") 2 I loveyou 3 >>> print("I love"+" you") 4 I love you
1 >>> print("I love you "*8) 2 I love you I love you I love you I love you I love you I love you I love you I love you 3 >>> print("I love you\n"*8) 4 I love you 5 I love you 6 I love you 7 I love you 8 I love you 9 I love you 10 I love you 11 11 I love you
错误代码：
1 #python2系列中可以使用，但pyhton3系列中报错 2 >>>print "Hello World!" 3 SyntaxError: Missing parentheses in call to ‘print‘
1 #C语言输出函数 2 >>> printf("Hello World!") 3 Traceback (most recent call last): 4 File "<pyshell#5>", line 1, in <module> printf("Hello World!") 5 NameError: name ‘printf‘ is not defined
1 #python中不能将两个不同类型的东西加在一起，但可以对字符串用乘法表示重复 2 >>> print("I love you"+8) 3 Traceback (most recent call last): 4 File "<pyshell#14>", line 1, in <module> 5 print("I love you"+8) 6 TypeError: Can‘t convert ‘int‘ object to str implicitly
BIF就是Built-in Functions内置函数，是为了方便程序员快速编写脚本程序而设计的
输入dir(__builtins__)可以看到python提供的内置方法列表，其中小写的就是BIF
如果想具体查看某个BIF的功能，例如查看input()函数的用法，可以输入help(input)查看
>>> dir(__builtins__) [‘ArithmeticError‘, ‘AssertionError‘, ‘AttributeError‘, ‘BaseException‘, ‘BlockingIOError‘, ‘BrokenPipeError‘, ‘BufferError‘, ‘BytesWarning‘, ‘ChildProcessError‘, ‘ConnectionAbortedError‘, ‘ConnectionError‘, ‘ConnectionRefusedError‘, ‘ConnectionResetError‘, ‘DeprecationWarning‘, ‘EOFError‘, ‘Ellipsis‘, ‘EnvironmentError‘, ‘Exception‘, ‘False‘, ‘FileExistsError‘, ‘FileNotFoundError‘, ‘FloatingPointError‘, ‘FutureWarning‘, ‘GeneratorExit‘, ‘IOError‘, ‘ImportError‘, ‘ImportWarning‘, ‘IndentationError‘, ‘IndexError‘, ‘InterruptedError‘, ‘IsADirectoryError‘, ‘KeyError‘, ‘KeyboardInterrupt‘, ‘LookupError‘, ‘MemoryError‘, ‘NameError‘, ‘None‘, ‘NotADirectoryError‘, ‘NotImplemented‘, ‘NotImplementedError‘, ‘OSError‘, ‘OverflowError‘, ‘PendingDeprecationWarning‘, ‘PermissionError‘, ‘ProcessLookupError‘, ‘ReferenceError‘, ‘ResourceWarning‘, ‘RuntimeError‘, ‘RuntimeWarning‘, ‘StopIteration‘, ‘SyntaxError‘, ‘SyntaxWarning‘, ‘SystemError‘, ‘SystemExit‘, ‘TabError‘, ‘TimeoutError‘, ‘True‘, ‘TypeError‘, ‘UnboundLocalError‘, ‘UnicodeDecodeError‘, ‘UnicodeEncodeError‘, ‘UnicodeError‘, ‘UnicodeTranslateError‘, ‘UnicodeWarning‘, ‘UserWarning‘, ‘ValueError‘, ‘Warning‘, ‘WindowsError‘, ‘ZeroDivisionError‘, ‘__build_class__‘, ‘__debug__‘, ‘__doc__‘, ‘__import__‘, ‘__loader__‘, ‘__name__‘, ‘__package__‘, ‘__spec__‘, ‘abs‘, ‘all‘, ‘any‘, ‘ascii‘, ‘bin‘, ‘bool‘, ‘bytearray‘, ‘bytes‘, ‘callable‘, ‘chr‘, ‘classmethod‘, ‘compile‘, ‘complex‘, ‘copyright‘, ‘credits‘, ‘delattr‘, ‘dict‘, ‘dir‘, ‘divmod‘, ‘enumerate‘, ‘eval‘, ‘exec‘, ‘exit‘, ‘filter‘, ‘float‘, ‘format‘, ‘frozenset‘, ‘getattr‘, ‘globals‘, ‘hasattr‘, ‘hash‘, ‘help‘, ‘hex‘, ‘id‘, ‘input‘, ‘int‘, ‘isinstance‘, ‘issubclass‘, ‘iter‘, ‘len‘, ‘license‘, ‘list‘, ‘locals‘, ‘map‘, ‘max‘, ‘memoryview‘, ‘min‘, ‘next‘, ‘object‘, ‘oct‘, ‘open‘, ‘ord‘, ‘pow‘, ‘print‘, ‘property‘, ‘quit‘, ‘range‘, ‘repr‘, ‘reversed‘, ‘round‘, ‘set‘, ‘setattr‘, ‘slice‘, ‘sorted‘, ‘staticmethod‘, ‘str‘, ‘sum‘, ‘super‘, ‘tuple‘, ‘type‘, ‘vars‘, ‘zip‘]
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiedoudou/p/5234751.html