翻译过来就是:“软件实体应当对扩展开放。对改动关闭”。
这句话说得稍微有点专业,我们把它讲得更通俗一点,也就是:软件系统中包括的各种组件,比如
模块(Modules)、类(Classes)以及功能(Functions)等等。应该在不改动现有代码的基础上,引入新功能。开闭原则中“开”。是指对于组件功能的扩展是开放的,是同意对其进行功能扩展的;开闭原则中“闭”,是指对于原有代码的改动是封闭的,即不应该改动原有的代码。
为什么没有说是面向对象6大原则,为什么没有将开闭原则包含进去?
开闭原则是最基础的一个原则,前面5个原则就是它的详细形态,开闭原则才是他们的接口。
IBook作为一个接口。里面有三个方法,而小说NovelBook是一个详细的实现类,是全部小说的总称,BookStore指的是书店。
public interface IBook { public String getName(); public int getPrice(); public String getAuthor(); }
public class NovelBook implements IBook { private String name; private int price; private String autor; public NovelBook(String name,int price,String autor){ this.name=name; this.price=price; this.autor=autor; } public String getAuthor() { return this.autor; } public String getName() { return this.name; } public int getPrice() { return this.price; } }
public class Store { private final static ArrayList<IBook> booklist = new ArrayList<IBook>(); static { // 静态模块载入数据,实际项目一般由持久层完毕 booklist.add(new NovelBook("巴黎圣母院", 3200, "雨果")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("悲慘世界", 5600, "雨果")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("天龙八部", 4800, "金庸")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("挪威的森林", 2200, "村上春树")); } public static void main(String[] args) { NumberFormat format = NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance(); format.setMaximumFractionDigits(2); System.out.println("-------------书店卖出去的书籍记录例如以下---------------"); for (IBook book : booklist) { System.out.println("书籍名称:" + book.getName() + "\t书籍作者:" + book.getAuthor() + "\t书籍价格:" + format.format(book.getPrice() / 100.0) + "元"); } } }
待定!
public class OffNovelBook extends NovelBook { public OffNovelBook(String name, int price, String autor) { super(name, price, autor); } @Override public int getPrice() { int price=super.getPrice(); int oprice=0; if(price>4000){ oprice= price*90/100; }else{ oprice= price*80/100; } return oprice; } }
static { // 静态模块载入数据。实际项目一般由持久层完毕 booklist.add(new NovelBook("巴黎圣母院", 3200, "雨果")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("悲慘世界", 5600, "雨果")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("天龙八部", 4800, "金庸")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("挪威的森林", 2200, "村上春树")); booklist.add(new OffNovelBook("唐诗三百首", 4500, "谁写的")); }
public interface IComputerBook extends IBook { public String getScope(); }
public class ComputerBook implements IComputerBook { private String name; private int price; private String autor; private String scope; public ComputerBook(String name, int price, String autor, String scope) { this.name = name; this.price = price; this.autor = autor; this.scope = scope; } public String getScope() { return this.scope; } public String getAuthor() { return this.autor; } public String getName() { return this.name; } public int getPrice() { return this.price; } }
static { // 静态模块载入数据,实际项目一般由持久层完毕 booklist.add(new NovelBook("巴黎圣母院", 3200, "雨果")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("悲慘世界", 5600, "雨果")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("天龙八部", 4800, "金庸")); booklist.add(new NovelBook("挪威的森林", 2200, "村上春树")); booklist.add(new OffNovelBook("下架的书", 4500, "谁写的")); booklist.add(new ComputerBook("大数据入门", 8500, "李老师", "大数据")); booklist.add(new ComputerBook("嵌入式精髓", 2600, "吴老师", "嵌入式")); }
控制反转,使用底层的反射来写的。
參考书籍《设计模式之禅》
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原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/lcchuguo/p/5395061.html