这几天利用项目结项后的空隙,入门学习下Idea+maven+spring+springMVC。作为一个菜鸟,好记性不如烂笔头,在这里简要写下一些笔记。
1.idea里没有类似myeclipse的workspace的概念,与之类似的是project。同事一个project下可以有多个module,这里的module类似于myeclipse中的project。
2,maven是一个帮助构建(build)项目,管理jar包依赖的工具。它的使用和工作原理跟我现在用的myeclipse直接丢(引入)jar包的方法存在蛮大不同。
3,spring3.0是一个好用,精妙的java框架(书上这么说的)。
4,一些配置文件的用处以及内容:
a, pom.xml 配置maven模块依赖关系和依赖内容。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>chapter</artifactId>
<groupId>com.smart</groupId>
<version>3.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>chapter1</artifactId>
<version>3.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>第一章示例</name>
<description>Spring 快速入门</description>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!--① 依赖的Spring模块类库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--② 依赖的持久化类库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--③ 依赖的公共类库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>${commons-dbcp.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>${aspectjweaver.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--④ 依赖的WEB类库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>${standard.version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--⑤ 依赖的测试类库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>${testng.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
b, applicationContext.xml 这是spring框架的核心配置文件。包括扫描类包,数据源/模板,事务管理器等。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd">
<!-- 扫描类包,将标注Spring注解的类自动转化Bean,同时完成Bean的注入 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.smart.dao"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.smart.service"/>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close"
p:driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
p:url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sampledb"
p:username="root"
p:password="root" />
<!-- 配置Jdbc模板 -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"
p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 通过AOP配置提供事务增强,让service包下所有Bean的所有方法拥有事务 -->
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod"
expression=" execution(* com.smart.service..*(..))" />
<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" advice-ref="txAdvice" />
</aop:config>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
</beans>
c, web.xml web项目的通用配置文件。配置项目访问路由的分发处理(基于servlet?)和视图解析。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>viewspace</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>viewspace</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
d, viewspace-servlet.xml springMVC配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<!-- 扫描web包,应用Spring的注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.smart.web"/>
<bean id="defaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<bean id="annotationMethodHandlerAdapter"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
<!-- 配置视图解析器,将ModelAndView及字符串解析为具体的页面 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
p:suffix=".jsp"/>
</beans>
e, log4j.properties 日志配置文件
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,A1
log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n
5,示例项目的目录结构(一个简易的登陆功能)。
你可以在 这里 下载到我的示例项目。
萌新入门,理解浅薄。有问题欢迎在评论区提出,我们一起讨论。
“种一棵树,最好的时机是十年前,其次是现在。”
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/bingbingbing/p/5829210.html