首先熟悉一下JAXB实现对象与xml互转时常用的一些注解使用:
1.@XmlRootElement,用于类级别的注解,对应xml的跟元素。通过name属性定义这个根节点的名称。
2.@XmlAccessorType,定义映射这个类中的何种类型都需要映射到xml。(如果不存在@XmlAccessorType,默认使用XmlAccessType.PUBLIC_MEMBER注解)
参数:XmlAccessType.FIELD: java对象中的所有成员变量。
XmlAccessType.PROPERTY:java对象中所有通过getter/setter方式访问的成员变量。
XmlAccessType.PUBLIC_MEMBER:java对象中所有的public访问权限的成员变量和通过getter/setter方式访问的成员变量。
XmlAccessType.NONE: java对象的所有属性都不映射为xml的元素。
3.@XmlAttribute,用于把java对象的属性映射为xml的属性,并可通过name属性为生成的xml属性指定别名。
4.@XmlElement,指定一个字段或get/set方法映射到xml的节点。通过name属性定义这个根节点的名称。
5.@XmlElementWrapper,为数组或集合定义一个父节点。通过name属性定义这个父节点的名称。
下面来看一个例子:
先定义一个学生类,Student如下:
1 package com.quest.software.bus4j.ui.framework.extend.frameParase.test;
2
3 import java.util.List;
4
5 import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
6 import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
7 import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElementWrapper;
8
9 public class Student {
10 String name; //姓名
11 String sex; //性别
12 int number; //学号
13 String className; //班级
14 List<String> hobby; //爱好
15
16 public Student(){
17 }
18 public Student(String name,String sex,int number,
19 String className,List<String> hobby) {
20 this.name = name;
21 this.sex = sex;
22 this.number = number;
23 this.className = className;
24 this.hobby = hobby;
25 }
26 @XmlAttribute(name="name")
27 public String getName() {
28 return name;
29 }
30 public void setName(String name) {
31 this.name = name;
32 }
33
34 @XmlAttribute(name="sex")
35 public String getSex() {
36 return sex;
37 }
38 public void setSex(String sex) {
39 this.sex = sex;
40 }
41
42 @XmlAttribute(name="number")
43 public int getNumber() {
44 return number;
45 }
46 public void setNumber(int number) {
47 this.number = number;
48 }
49
50 @XmlElement(name="className")
51 public String getClassName() {
52 return className;
53 }
54 public void setClassName(String className) {
55 this.className = className;
56 }
57
58 @XmlElementWrapper(name="hobbys")
59 @XmlElement(name = "hobby")
60 public List<String> getHobby() {
61 return hobby;
62 }
63 public void setHobby(List<String> hobby) {
64 this.hobby = hobby;
65 }
66
67 }
切记,如果java对象属性同时添加了get和set方法,注解不能定义在属性的定义上,只需在get或者set方法上定义一个即可,否则jaxb会报错!!如下:
Exception in thread "main" com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.IllegalAnnotationsException: 1 counts of IllegalAnnotationExceptions
Class has two properties of the same name "name"
然后再定义学生集合类,StudentList如下:
1 package com.quest.software.bus4j.ui.framework.extend.frameParase.test;
2
3 import java.util.List;
4
5 import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
6 import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
7
8 @XmlRootElement(name="list")
9 public class StudentList {
10
11 List<Student> students; //所有学生信息的集合
12
13 @XmlElement(name = "student")
14 public List<Student> getStudents() {
15 return students;
16 }
17
18 public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
19 this.students = students;
20 }
21
22 }
最后写xml和java对象互转的类(通过Marshaller类实现将对象转换为xml,同时也可利用Unmarshaller类进行xml转换为类):
1.java对象转换为xml:
1 package com.quest.software.bus4j.ui.framework.extend.frameParase.test;
2
3 import java.io.BufferedWriter;
4 import java.io.File;
5 import java.io.FileWriter;
6 import java.io.IOException;
7 import java.io.StringWriter;
8 import java.util.ArrayList;
9 import java.util.List;
10
11 import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
12 import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
13 import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller;
14
15 public class BeanToXml {
16
17 /**
18 * java对象转换为xml文件
19 * @param xmlPath xml文件路径
20 * @param load java对象.Class
21 * @return xml文件的String
22 * @throws JAXBException
23 */
24 public static String beanToXml(Object obj,Class<?> load) throws JAXBException{
25 JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(load);
26 Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller();
27 marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);
28 marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_ENCODING, "GBK");
29 StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
30 marshaller.marshal(obj,writer);
31 return writer.toString();
32 }
33 public static void main(String[] args) throws JAXBException, IOException {
34 List<String> hobby = new ArrayList<>();
35 hobby.add("篮球");
36 hobby.add("音乐");
37 hobby.add("乒乓球");
38
39 List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
40
41 Student st = new Student("张三","男",10001,"尖子班",hobby);
42 studentList.add(st);
43 Student st1 = new Student("李四","男",10002,"普通班",hobby);
44 studentList.add(st1);
45 Student st2 = new Student("莉莉","女",10003,"普通班",hobby);
46 studentList.add(st2);
47
48 StudentList students = new StudentList();
49 students.setStudents(studentList);
50 String str = BeanToXml.beanToXml(students, StudentList.class);
51
52 //写入到xml文件中
53 String xmlPath = "D:/testConfig.xml";
54 BufferedWriter bfw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File(xmlPath)));
55 bfw.write(str);
56 bfw.close();
57 }
58 }
测试生成的xml文件如下图:
2.xml转换为java对象:
1 package com.quest.software.bus4j.ui.framework.extend.frameParase.test;
2
3 import java.io.File;
4 import java.io.IOException;
5 import java.util.List;
6
7 import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
8 import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
9 import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;
10
11 public class XmlToBean {
12
13 /**
14 * xml文件配置转换为对象
15 * @param xmlPath xml文件路径
16 * @param load java对象.Class
17 * @return java对象
18 * @throws JAXBException
19 * @throws IOException
20 */
21 public static Object xmlToBean(String xmlPath,Class<?> load) throws JAXBException, IOException{
22 JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(load);
23 Unmarshaller unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller();
24 Object object = unmarshaller.unmarshal(new File(xmlPath));
25 return object;
26 }
27
28 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, JAXBException {
29 String xmlPath = "D:/testConfig.xml";
30 Object object = XmlToBean.xmlToBean(xmlPath,StudentList.class);
31 StudentList students = (StudentList)object;
32 List<Student> studentList = students.getStudents();
33
34 for(int i=0;i<studentList.size();i++){
35 System.out.println(studentList.get(i).name);
36 System.out.println(studentList.get(i).sex);
37 System.out.println(studentList.get(i).number);
38 System.out.println(studentList.get(i).className);
39 for(String str :studentList.get(i).hobby){
40 System.out.print(str+" ");
41 }
42 System.out.println("-------------");
43 }
44 }
45 }
测试打印的结果如下:
张三
男
10001
尖子班
篮球 音乐 乒乓球 -------------
李四
男
10002
普通班
篮球 音乐 乒乓球 -------------
莉莉
女
10003
普通班
篮球 音乐 乒乓球 -------------
有不明白的可以联系我,互相交流!
jaxb虽然挺实用,但是在xml转java对象时xml文件不能配置错了,必须严格按照自己定义的java对象的注解来编写xml文件,否则jaxb里面报错很难查错!!!
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/liuk/p/5829389.html