查看系统基本信息:                                                            
hostname | uname -n                                                  
uname -r                                                             
uname -a                                                             
cat /etc/redhat-release                                              
                                                                     
lsblk                                                                
blkid   //查看磁盘号                                                      
du -sh      //查看当前目录                                                 
du -sh /home    //查看目录的使用空间                                          
                                                                     
last    //查看系统什么时候重启过                                                
lastlog //查看用户最后一次登录操作系统的时间                                          
uptime  //显示系统的系统的基本状况                                               
                                                                     
top     //监控操作系统实时运行状况                                               
    r:更改正在运行进程的nice值                                                 
    k:杀掉进程                                                           
    q:退出                                                             
    ?:寻求帮助                                                           
    shift+>:向下翻页                                                     
    shift+<:向上翻页                                                     
    shift+p:按照进程占用cpu的百分比排序                                          
    shift+M: 按照进程占用内存的百分比排序                                          
                                                                     
ps命令:                                                                
#查看本终端所运行的程序                                                         
ps aux      //显示更多信息,BSD语法                                           
ps -ef      //显示更多信息,标准语法                                            
//打印一个进程树                                                            
ps -ejH                                                              
ps axjf                                                              
                                                                     
//获取有关线程的信息                                                          
ps -eLf                                                              
ps axms                                                              
                                                                     
//获取安全信息                                                             
ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,label                          
ps axZ                                                               
ps -eM                                                               
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原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/erick2/p/5878783.html