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oracle行转列和列转行

时间:2014-01-28 19:22:24      阅读:543      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

目录[-]

一、行转列

1.1、初始测试数据

表结构:TEST_TB_GRADE

Sql代码:

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1 create table TEST_TB_GRADE 
2 ( 
3   ID        NUMBER(10) not null, 
4   USER_NAME VARCHAR2(20 CHAR), 
5   COURSE    VARCHAR2(20 CHAR), 
6   SCORE     FLOAT 
7 )
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初始数据如下图:

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1.2、 如果需要实现如下的查询效果图:

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这就是最常见的行转列,主要原理是利用decode函数、聚集函数(sum),结合group by分组实现的,具体的sql如下:

Sql代码:

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1 select t.user_name, 
2   sum(decode(t.course, 语文, score,null)) as CHINESE, 
3   sum(decode(t.course, 数学, score,null)) as MATH, 
4   sum(decode(t.course, 英语, score,null)) as ENGLISH 
5 from test_tb_grade t 
6 group by t.user_name 
7 order by t.user_name
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1.3、延伸

如果要实现对各门功课的不同分数段进行统计,效果图如下:

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具体的实现sql如下:
Sql代码:

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 1 select t2.SCORE_GP, 
 2   sum(decode(t2.course, 语文, COUNTNUM,null)) as CHINESE, 
 3   sum(decode(t2.course, 数学, COUNTNUM,null)) as MATH, 
 4   sum(decode(t2.course, 英语, COUNTNUM,null)) as ENGLISH 
 5 from ( 
 6   select t.course, 
 7          case when t.score  <60 then 00-60 
 8               when t.score >=60 and t.score <80  then 60-80 
 9               when t.score >=80 then 80-100 end as SCORE_GP, 
10          count(t.score) as COUNTNUM 
11   FROM test_tb_grade t 
12   group by t.course,  
13         case when t.score  <60  then 00-60 
14               when t.score >=60 and t.score <80  then 60-80 
15               when t.score >=80 then 80-100 end 
16   order by t.course ) t2 
17 group by t2.SCORE_GP 
18 order by t2.SCORE_GP
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二、列转行

 

1.1、初始测试数据

表结构: TEST_TB_GRADE2 
Sql代码:  
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1 create table TEST_TB_GRADE2 
2 ( 
3   ID         NUMBER(10) not null, 
4   USER_NAME  VARCHAR2(20 CHAR), 
5   CN_SCORE   FLOAT, 
6   MATH_SCORE FLOAT, 
7   EN_SCORE   FLOAT 
8 )
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初始数据如下图

 

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1.2、 如果需要实现如下的查询效果图:

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这就是最常见的列转行,主要原理是利用SQL里面的union,具体的sql语句如下:
Sql代码: 

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1 select user_name, CN_SCORE COURSE , CN_SCORE as SCORE from test_tb_grade2  
2 union 
3 select user_name, MATH_SCORE COURSE, MATH_SCORE as SCORE from test_tb_grade2  
4 union 
5 select user_name, EN_SCORE COURSE, EN_SCORE as SCORE from test_tb_grade2  
6 order by user_name,COURSE
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也可以利用【insert all into ... select】来实现,首先需要先建一个表TEST_TB_GRADE3

Sql代码:  
1 create table TEST_TB_GRADE3   
2 (  
3       USER_NAME VARCHAR2(20 CHAR),   
4       COURSE    VARCHAR2(20 CHAR),   
5       SCORE     FLOAT   
6 )
   
 再执行下面的sql: 
  Sql代码:  
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1 insert all 
2 into test_tb_grade3(USER_NAME,COURSE,SCORE) values(user_name, 语文, CN_SCORE) 
3 into test_tb_grade3(USER_NAME,COURSE,SCORE) values(user_name, 数学, MATH_SCORE) 
4 into test_tb_grade3(USER_NAME,COURSE,SCORE) values(user_name, 英语, EN_SCORE) 
5 select user_name, CN_SCORE, MATH_SCORE, EN_SCORE from test_tb_grade2; 
6 commit;
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 别忘记commit操作,然后再查询TEST_TB_GRADE3,发现表中的数据就是列转成行了。
 

oracle行转列和列转行

原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/smallrock/p/3535419.html

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