SQL> select file#,name,status from v$datafile;
SQL> alter database datafile ‘/tmp/test.dbf‘ offline drop; //此处若不加drop会报错
再次查看v$datafile表会发现对应的几个dbf文件状态由ONLINE变为RECOVER
SQL> select * from v$tablespace;
SQL> drop tablespace test including contents cascade constraints;
......
删除完毕,再次执行startup成功。