oracle 冷备份是一致性备份，备份的内容有数据文件，redo文件，temp文件，控制文件等，
SQLBLANKLINES ON 是预防脚本中有空格，sqlplus误认为是结束，报
SP2-0734: unknown command beginning "where t.bg..." - rest of line ignored.
错误.
set feedback off heading off verify off trimspool off SQLBLANKLINES ON
set pagesize 0 linesize 200
define dir=‘/u01/backup‘
define script=‘/tmp/coolbak.sql‘
spool &script
select ‘! cp ‘ || name || ‘ &dir ‘ from v$datafile order by 1;
select ‘! cp ‘ || member || ‘ &dir ‘ from v$logfile order by 1;
select ‘! cp ‘ || name || ‘ &dir ‘ from v$controlfile order by 1;
select ‘! cp ‘ || name || ‘ &dir ‘ from v$tempfile order by 1;
create pfile = ’&dir/initDBID.ora’ from spfile;
ho cp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwDBID ‘ &dir ‘
spool off
shutdown immediate
@&script
startup
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原文：http://ericklee.blog.51cto.com/6941516/1412763