微带线计算工具

  1 ## -*- coding: utf-8 -*
  2 #import logo_rc
  3 import sys
  4 import math
  5 from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui, Qt, uic
  6 from PyQt4.QtGui import *
  7 from PyQt4.QtCore import *
  8 import scipy.integrate as integrate
  9 import scipy.special as special
 10 qtCreatorFile = "E:\em\microstrip_calcaulator_leon.ui" # Enter file here.
 11 Ui_MainWindow, QtBaseClass = uic.loadUiType(qtCreatorFile)
 12 class MyApp(QtGui.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
 13     def __init__(self):
 14         QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
 15         Ui_MainWindow.__init__(self)
 16         QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent=None)
 17         #self.img_=QImage(self)
 18         #self.img_.load(‘E:\em\microstrip_calc.png‘)
 19         #图片显示
 20         #self.label.setPixmap(QPixmap().fromImage(self.img_).scaled(QSize(240,120),Qt.KeepAspectRatio))
 21         #palette1 = QtGui.QPalette()
 22         #palette1.setColor(self.backgroundRole(), QColor(192,253,123))   # 设置背景颜色
 23         #palette1.setBrush(self.backgroundRole(), QtGui.QBrush(QtGui.QPixmap(‘E:\em\background.png‘)))   # 设置背景图片
 24         #self.setPalette(palette1)
 25         #self.setAutoFillBackground(True)        
 26         self.setupUi(self)
 27         self.pushButton_ms_analysis.setIcon(QIcon(‘E:\\em\\img\\left.jpg‘))
 28         self.er = 0.0
 29         self.h = 0.0
 30         self.fc = 0.0
 31         self.w = 0.0
 32         self.l = 0.0
 33         self.c = 2.99792458e8
 34         self.fZ0 = 4.0*math.pi*1.0e-7*self.c
 35         #self.test = 0.0
 36         self.ms_dielectric_list = [‘Air‘,‘Alumina‘,‘GaAs‘,‘Germanium‘,‘Indium phosphide‘,‘Silicon‘,‘RT/Duroid 5880‘,‘FR4‘]
 37         if len(self.ms_dielectric_list) > 0:
 38             for dielectric in self.ms_dielectric_list:
 39                 #ser = serial.Serial(port[0])
 40                 self.comboBox_ms_diel.addItem(dielectric)
 41         self.comboBox_ms_diel.setCurrentIndex(6)
 42         self.ms_dielconst_list = [1,9.8,12.9,16,12.4,11.9,2.16,4.6]
 43         self.lineEdit_ms_er.setText(‘2.16‘)
 44         self.ms_conductor_list = [‘Silver‘,‘Copper‘,‘Gold‘,‘Aluminum‘]
 45         if len(self.ms_conductor_list) > 0:
 46             for conductor in self.ms_conductor_list:
 47                 #ser = serial.Serial(port[0])
 48                 self.comboBox_ms_conductor.addItem(conductor)
 49         self.comboBox_ms_conductor.setCurrentIndex(1)
 50         self.ms_conductivity_list =[6.14E+07,5.88E+07,4.1E+07,3.53E+07,1.47E+07]
 51         self.ms_conductivity = self.ms_conductivity_list[1]
 52         self.lineEdit_ms_conductivity.setText(str(self.ms_conductivity ))
 53         self.ms_conductivity_unit_list = [‘S/um‘,‘S/mm‘,‘S/cm‘,‘S/m‘]
 54         self.ms_conductivity_unit_scale_list = [1000000,1000,100,1]
 55         if len(self.ms_conductivity_unit_list) > 0:
 56             for unit in self.ms_conductivity_unit_list:
 57                 #ser = serial.Serial(port[0])
 58                 self.comboBox_ms_cond_unit.addItem(unit)
 59         self.comboBox_ms_cond_unit.setCurrentIndex(3)
 60         self.unit_last = self.ms_conductivity_unit_scale_list[3]
 61         self.ms_losstangent_list = [0,0.0005,0.0005,0.0005,0.0005,0.001,0.001,0.02]
 62         self.lineEdit_ms_loss_tangent.setText(str(self.ms_losstangent_list[6]))
 63         self.lineEdit_ms_H.setText(str(0.254))
 64         self.lineEdit_ms_T.setText(str(0.000))
 65         self.lineEdit_ms_Zc.setText(str(50))
 66         self.lineEdit_ms_fc.setText(str(5000.0))
 67         self.lineEdit_ms_el.setText(str(90.0))
 68         self.lineEdit_ms_L.setText(str(5.869))
 69         self.lineEdit_ms_W.setText(str(0.240))
 70         self.lineEdit_ms_mur.setText(str(1.000))
 71         self.lineEdit_ms_rough.setText(str(0.000))
 72         self.pushButton_calculate.clicked.connect(self.synthesis)
 73         self.pushButton_ms_analysis.clicked.connect(self.ms_analysis)
 74         self.pushButton_ms_synthesis.clicked.connect(self.ms_synthesis)
 75         self.comboBox_ms_diel.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.dielectric_changed)
 76         self.comboBox_ms_conductor.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.conductor_changed)
 77         self.comboBox_ms_cond_unit.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.cond_unit_changed)
 78         
 79     def dielectric_changed(self):
 80         self.lineEdit_ms_er.setText(str(self.ms_dielconst_list[self.comboBox_ms_diel.currentIndex()])) 
 81         self.lineEdit_ms_loss_tangent.setText(str(self.ms_losstangent_list[self.comboBox_ms_diel.currentIndex()]))
 82     def conductor_changed(self):
 83         self.lineEdit_ms_conductivity.setText(str(self.ms_conductivity_list[self.comboBox_ms_conductor.currentIndex()] 84         /self.ms_conductivity_unit_scale_list[self.comboBox_ms_cond_unit.currentIndex()])) 
 85         self.ms_conductivity = self.ms_conductivity_list[self.comboBox_ms_conductor.currentIndex()]
 86     def cond_unit_changed(self):
 87         self.lineEdit_ms_conductivity.setText(str(float(self.lineEdit_ms_conductivity.text()) 88         *self.unit_last/self.ms_conductivity_unit_scale_list[self.comboBox_ms_cond_unit.currentIndex()])) 
 89         self.unit_last = self.ms_conductivity_unit_scale_list[self.comboBox_ms_cond_unit.currentIndex()] 
 90     def synthesis(self):
 91         self.er = float(self.lineEdit_er.text())
 92         self.h = float(self.lineEdit_h.text())
 93         self.fc = float(self.lineEdit_fc.text())
 94         self.zin =float(self.lineEdit_Zin.text())
 95         self.w = self.c*1000.0/(2*self.fc*1e6)*math.pow(2.0/(self.er+1.0),0.5)#mm        
 96         self.ereff = (self.er+1.0)/2.0+(self.er-1.0)/2.0*math.pow(1+12*self.h/self.w,-0.5)
 97         self.lambda_eff = self.c*1000/self.fc/1e6/math.sqrt(self.ereff)#mm
 98         self.deltaL = self.h*0.412*(self.ereff+0.3)*(self.w/self.h+0.264)/(self.ereff-0.258)/(self.w/self.h+0.8)#mm
 99         self.l = self.lambda_eff/2-2*self.deltaL #mm
100         #self.test = self.test + 1.0
101         self.lineEdit_w.setText(str(self.w))
102         self.lineEdit_l.setText(str(self.l))
103         k0 = 2.0*math.pi/(self.c/self.fc/1e6)
104         G1 = integrate.quad(lambda x: math.pow(math.sin(k0*self.w/2000*math.cos(x))/math.cos(x),2)*math.pow(math.sin(x),3), 0, math.pi)
105         G12 = integrate.quad(lambda x: math.pow(math.sin(k0*self.w/2000*math.cos(x))/math.cos(x),2)*special.j0(math.sin(x)*self.l/1000*k0)*math.pow(math.sin(x),3), 0, math.pi)
106         result = 1.0/(2.0*(G1[0]/(120*math.pow(math.pi,2))+G12[0]/(120*math.pow(math.pi,2))))
107         self.y = math.acos(math.sqrt(self.zin/result))*self.l/math.pi
108         self.lineEdit_Rin.setText(str(result))
109         self.lineEdit_y.setText(str(self.y))
110     def ms_analysis(self):
111         self.ms_h = float(self.lineEdit_ms_H.text())/1.0e3 # substrate thickness
112         self.ms_w = float(self.lineEdit_ms_W.text())/1.0e3 # conductor width
113         self.ms_l = float(self.lineEdit_ms_L.text())/1.0e3 # conductor length
114         self.ms_er =  float(self.lineEdit_ms_er.text()) # relative dielectric constant
115         self.ms_mur =  float(self.lineEdit_ms_mur.text()) # relative permeability 
116         self.ms_fc =  float(self.lineEdit_ms_fc.text())*1e6 # frequency in Hz
117         rough = float(self.lineEdit_ms_rough.text())/1.0e3
118         tand = float(self.lineEdit_ms_loss_tangent.text()) # loss tangent of the dielectric
119         cond = float(self.lineEdit_ms_conductivity.text())
120         mu = self.ms_mur*4*math.pi*1.0e-7
121         self.ms_t = float(self.lineEdit_ms_T.text())/1.0e3
122         U = self.ms_w/self.ms_h # ratio of trace width to substrate thickness 
123         if self.ms_t > 0:
124             T = self.ms_t/self.ms_h #ratio of conductor thickness to substrate thickness
125         #(T/PI)*log(1.0 + 4.0*exp(1.0)/(T*pow(coth(sqrt(6.517*u)),2.0)))
126             U1 = U +(T*math.log(1.0+4.0*math.e/T/math.pow(1.0/math.tanh(math.sqrt(6.517*U)),2.0)))/math.pi # from Hammerstad and Jensen
127         #    0.5*(1.0 + 1.0/cosh(sqrt(er-1.0)))*deltau1
128             Ur = U +(U1-U)*(1.0+1.0/(math.cosh(math.sqrt(self.ms_er-1))))/2.0 # from Hammerstad and Jensen
129         else:
130             U1 = U  
131             Ur = U
132         Y = self.ee_HandJ(Ur,self.ms_er)
133         Z0 =self.z0_HandJ(Ur)/math.sqrt(Y)
134         #ereff0 = Y*math.pow(Z01_U1/Z01_Ur,2)
135         ereff0 = Y*math.pow(self.z0_HandJ(U1)/self.z0_HandJ(Ur),2.0)
136         fn = self.ms_fc*self.ms_h/1e7        
137         P1 = 0.27488 + (0.6315 + (0.525 / (math.pow((1 + 0.157*fn),20))) )*U - 0.065683*math.exp(-8.7513*U)
138         P2 = 0.33622*(1 - math.exp(-0.03442*self.ms_er))
139         P3 = 0.0363*math.exp(-4.6*U)*(1 - math.exp(-math.pow((fn / 3.87),4.97)))
140         P4 = 1 + 2.751*( 1 -  math.exp(-math.pow((self.ms_er/15.916),8)))
141         P = P1*P2*math.pow(((0.1844 + P3*P4)*10*fn),1.5763)
142         self.ms_ereff = (self.ms_er*P+ereff0)/(1+P) # equavlent ralative dielectric constant
143         self.ms_Zc = self.z_calc(self.ms_w,self.ms_h,self.ms_l,self.ms_t,self.ms_fc,self.ms_er)
144         z1 = 0.434907*((math.pow(self.ms_ereff,0.81) + 0.26)/(math.pow(self.ms_ereff,0.81) - 0.189))*(math.pow(U,0.8544) + 0.236)/(math.pow(U,0.8544) + 0.87);
145         z2 = 1 + (math.pow(U,0.371))/(2.358*self.ms_er + 1)
146         z3 = 1 + (0.5274*math.atan(0.084*(math.pow(U,(1.9413 / z2)))))/(math.pow(self.ms_ereff,0.9236))
147         z4 = 1 + 0.0377*math.atan(0.067*(math.pow(U,1.456)))*(6 - 5*math.exp(0.036*(1-self.ms_er)))
148         z5 = 1 - 0.218*math.exp(-7.5*U)
149         deltal = self.ms_h * z1 * z3 * z5 / z4
150         v = self.c/math.sqrt(self.ms_ereff)
151         length = self.ms_l/(v/self.ms_fc)
152         # delay
153         delay = 1e9*self.ms_l/v
154         # dielectric losses
155         ld = math.pi*self.ms_fc/v*self.ms_er/self.ms_ereff*(self.ms_ereff-1)/(self.ms_er-1)*tand # unit in nepers/meter
156         ld = 20.0/math.log(10)*ld # unit in dB/meter
157         ld = ld * self.ms_l # unit in dB
158         # conduction losses
159         # skin depth in meters
160         skin_depth = math.sqrt(1/(math.pi*self.ms_fc*mu*cond))
161         if skin_depth <= self.ms_t :
162             Z2 = self.z_calc(self.ms_w,self.ms_h,self.ms_l,self.ms_t,self.ms_fc,1)
163             Z1 = self.z_calc(self.ms_w-skin_depth,self.ms_h+skin_depth,self.ms_l,self.ms_t-skin_depth,self.ms_fc,1)
164             # conduction losser 
165             lc = math.pi*self.ms_fc/self.c*(Z1-Z2)/self.ms_Zc
166         elif self.ms_t > 0 :
167             #resistance per meter = 1/(Area*conductivity)
168             res = 1/(self.ms_w*self.ms_t*cond)
169             #conduction losses, nepers per meter
170             lc = res/(2.0*self.ms_Zc)
171             skin_depth = self.ms_t
172         else:
173             lc = 0
174         lc = 20.0/math.log(10)*lc
175         lc = lc * self.ms_l
176         lc = lc * (1.0+2.0/math.pi*math.atan(1.4*math.pow(rough/skin_depth,2)))
177         loss = ld + lc
178         self.ms_k0 = 2*math.pi/self.c*self.ms_fc
179         self.ms_beta = self.ms_k0*math.sqrt(self.ms_ereff)
180         self.ms_el = math.sqrt(self.ms_ereff)*self.ms_k0*self.ms_l/1000/math.pi*180.0
181         self.ms_el = 360*length
182         self.lineEdit_ms_Zc.setText(str(self.ms_Zc))
183         self.lineEdit_ms_ereff.setText(str(self.ms_ereff))
184         self.lineEdit_ms_el.setText(str(self.ms_el))
185         self.lineEdit_ms_beta.setText(str(self.ms_beta))
186         self.lineEdit_ms_loss.setText(str(loss))
187         self.label_delay.setText(‘delay = ‘+str(delay)+‘ ns‘)
188         self.label_skin_depth.setText(‘skin depth = ‘+str(skin_depth)+‘ m‘)
189     def z0_HandJ(self,u):
190         LIGHTSPEED = 2.99792458e8
191         FREESPACEZ0 = 4.0*math.pi*1.0e-7*LIGHTSPEED
192         # from Hammerstad and Jensen.  ‘u‘ is the normalized width
193         F = 6.0 + (2.0*math.pi - 6.0)*math.exp(-1*math.pow((30.666/u),0.7528))
194         # from Hammerstad and Jensen
195         z01 = (FREESPACEZ0/(2*math.pi))*math.log(F/u + math.sqrt(1.0 + math.pow((2/u),2.0)))
196         return z01
197     def ee_HandJ(self,u,er):
198         #Au = 1.0 + (1.0/49.0)*math.log(math.pow(Ur,4.0) + math.pow(Ur/52.0,2.0)/(math.pow(Ur,4.0)+0.432))+ (1.0/18.7)*math.log(1.0+ math.pow(Ur/18.1,3.0))
199         A = 1.0 + (1.0/49.0)*math.log((math.pow(u,4.0) + math.pow((u/52.0),2.0))/(math.pow(u,4.0) + 0.432))200             + (1.0/18.7)*math.log(1.0 + math.pow((u/18.1),3.0))
201         #Ber = 0.564*math.pow((er-0.9)/(er+3),0.053)
202         B = 0.564*math.pow(((er-0.9)/(er+3.0)),0.053)
203         #Y = (er+1.0)/2.0+(er-1.0)/2.0*math.pow(1+10.0/Ur,-(A*B))
204         Y= (er+1.0)/2.0 + ((er-1.0)/2.0)*math.pow((1.0 + 10.0/u),(-A*B))
205         return Y
206     def z_calc(self,w,h,l,t,fc,er):
207         #fn = fc*h/1e6
208         U = w/h # ratio of trace width to substrate thickness 
209         if t > 0:
210             T = t/h #ratio of conductor thickness to substrate thickness
211         #(T/PI)*log(1.0 + 4.0*exp(1.0)/(T*pow(coth(sqrt(6.517*u)),2.0)))
212             U1 = U +(T*math.log(1.0+4.0*math.e/T/math.pow(1.0/math.tanh(math.sqrt(6.517*U)),2.0)))/math.pi # from Hammerstad and Jensen
213         #    0.5*(1.0 + 1.0/cosh(sqrt(er-1.0)))*deltau1
214             Ur = U +(U1-U)*(1.0+1.0/(math.cosh(math.sqrt(er-1))))/2.0 # from Hammerstad and Jensen
215         else:
216             U1 = U  
217             Ur = U
218         Y = self.ee_HandJ(Ur,er)
219         Z0 =self.z0_HandJ(Ur)/math.sqrt(Y)
220         #ereff0 = Y*math.pow(Z01_U1/Z01_Ur,2)
221         ereff0 = Y*math.pow(self.z0_HandJ(U1)/self.z0_HandJ(Ur),2.0)
222         fn = fc*h/1e7
223         P1 = 0.27488 + (0.6315 + (0.525 / (math.pow((1 + 0.157*fn),20))) )*U - 0.065683*math.exp(-8.7513*U)
224         P2 = 0.33622*(1 - math.exp(-0.03442*er))
225         P3 = 0.0363*math.exp(-4.6*U)*(1 - math.exp(-math.pow((fn / 3.87),4.97)))
226         P4 = 1 + 2.751*( 1 -  math.exp(-math.pow((er/15.916),8)))
227         P = P1*P2*math.pow(((0.1844 + P3*P4)*10*fn),1.5763)
228         ereff = (er*P+ereff0)/(1+P) # equavlent ralative dielectric constant
229         #self.ms_Zc = Z0*math.pow(ereff0/self.ms_ereff,0.5)*(self.ms_ereff-1)/(ereff0-1)
230         fn = fc*h/1e6
231         R1 = 0.03891*(math.pow(er,1.4))
232         R2 = 0.267*(math.pow(U,7.0))
233         R3 = 4.766*math.exp(-3.228*(math.pow(U,0.641)))
234         R4 = 0.016 + math.pow((0.0514*er),4.524)
235         R5 = math.pow((fn/28.843),12.0)
236         R6 = 22.20*(math.pow(U,1.92))
237         R7 = 1.206 - 0.3144*math.exp(-R1)*(1 - math.exp(-R2))
238         R8 = 1.0 + 1.275*(1.0 -  math.exp(-0.004625*R3*math.pow(er,1.674)*math.pow(fn/18.365,2.745)))
239         R9 = (5.086*R4*R5/(0.3838 + 0.386*R4))*(math.exp(-R6)/(1 + 1.2992*R5))
240         R9 = R9 * (math.pow((er-1),6))/(1 + 10*math.pow((er-1),6))
241         R10 = 0.00044*(math.pow(er,2.136)) + 0.0184
242         R11 = (math.pow((fn/19.47),6))/(1 + 0.0962*(math.pow((fn/19.47),6)))
243         R12 = 1 / (1 + 0.00245*U*U)
244         R13 = 0.9408*(math.pow( ereff,R8)) - 0.9603
245         R14 = (0.9408 - R9)*(math.pow(ereff0,R8))-0.9603
246         R15 = 0.707*R10*(math.pow((fn/12.3),1.097))
247         R16 = 1 + 0.0503*er*er*R11*(1 - math.exp(-(math.pow((U/15),6))))
248         R17 = R7*(1 - 1.1241*(R12/R16)*math.exp(-0.026*(math.pow(fn,1.15656))-R15))
249         Zc = Z0*(math.pow((R13/R14),R17))# characteristic impedance
250         return Zc
251     def er_eff_calc(self,w,h,t,fc,er):
252         #fn = fc*h/1e6
253         U = w/h # ratio of trace width to substrate thickness 
254         if t > 0:
255             T = t/h #ratio of conductor thickness to substrate thickness
256         #(T/PI)*log(1.0 + 4.0*exp(1.0)/(T*pow(coth(sqrt(6.517*u)),2.0)))
257             U1 = U +(T*math.log(1.0+4.0*math.e/T/math.pow(1.0/math.tanh(math.sqrt(6.517*U)),2.0)))/math.pi # from Hammerstad and Jensen
258         #    0.5*(1.0 + 1.0/cosh(sqrt(er-1.0)))*deltau1
259             Ur = U +(U1-U)*(1.0+1.0/(math.cosh(math.sqrt(er-1))))/2.0 # from Hammerstad and Jensen
260         else:
261             U1 = U  
262             Ur = U
263         Y = self.ee_HandJ(Ur,er)
264         Z0 =self.z0_HandJ(Ur)/math.sqrt(Y)
265         #ereff0 = Y*math.pow(Z01_U1/Z01_Ur,2)
266         ereff0 = Y*math.pow(self.z0_HandJ(U1)/self.z0_HandJ(Ur),2.0)
267         fn = fc*h/1e7
268         P1 = 0.27488 + (0.6315 + (0.525 / (math.pow((1 + 0.157*fn),20))) )*U - 0.065683*math.exp(-8.7513*U)
269         P2 = 0.33622*(1 - math.exp(-0.03442*er))
270         P3 = 0.0363*math.exp(-4.6*U)*(1 - math.exp(-math.pow((fn / 3.87),4.97)))
271         P4 = 1 + 2.751*( 1 -  math.exp(-math.pow((er/15.916),8)))
272         P = P1*P2*math.pow(((0.1844 + P3*P4)*10*fn),1.5763)
273         er_eff = (er*P+ereff0)/(1+P)# equavlent ralative dielectric constant
274         return er_eff
275     def ms_synthesis(self):
276         Zc =  float(self.lineEdit_ms_Zc.text())
277         fc =  float(self.lineEdit_ms_fc.text())*1e6
278         er =  float(self.lineEdit_ms_er.text())
279         h = float(self.lineEdit_ms_H.text())/1e3
280         el = float(self.lineEdit_ms_el.text())
281         t = float(self.lineEdit_ms_T.text())/1.0e3
282         # temp value for l used while finding w
283         lx = 1000*25.4e-6
284         wmin = 0.01*25.4e-6
285         wmax = 499.0*25.4e-6
286         #impedance convergence tolerance (ohms)
287         abstol = 1e-6
288         reltol = 0.1e-6
289         maxiters = 50
290         A = ((er - 1)/(er + 1)) * (0.226 + 0.121/er) + (math.pi/377.0)*math.sqrt(2*(er+1))*Zc;
291         w_h = 4/(0.5*math.exp(A) - math.exp(-A))
292         if w_h > 2.0 :
293             B = math.pi*377.0/(2*Zc*math.sqrt(er))
294             w_h = (2/math.pi)*(B - 1 - math.log(2*B - 1) + ((er-1)/(2*er))*(math.log(B-1) + 0.293 - 0.517/er))
295         wx = h * w_h
296         if wx >= wmax:
297             wx = 0.95*wmax
298         if wx <= wmin:
299             wx = wmin
300         wold = 1.01*wx
301         Zold = self.z_calc(wold,h,lx,t,fc,er)
302         if Zold < Zc:
303             wmax = wold
304         else:
305             wmin = wold
306         iters = 0
307         done = 0
308         while done == 0:
309             iters = iters + 1
310             Z0 = self.z_calc(wx,h,lx,t,fc,er)
311             if Z0 < Zc:
312                 wmax = wx
313             else:
314                 wmin = wx
315             if abs(Z0-Zc) < abstol:
316                 done = 1
317             elif abs(wx-wold) < reltol:
318                 done = 1
319             elif iters >= maxiters :
320                 done = 1
321             else:
322                 dzdw = (Z0 -Zold)/(wx-wold)
323                 wold = wx
324                 Zold = Z0
325                 wx = wx -(Z0-Zc)/dzdw
326                 if (wx > wmax) |(wx < wmin):
327                     wx = (wmin+ wmax)/2.0
328         er_eff = self.er_eff_calc(wx,h,t,fc,er)
329         v = self.c/math.sqrt(er_eff)
330         l = el/360.0*v/fc;
331         self.lineEdit_ms_W.setText(str(wx*1.0e3))
332         self.lineEdit_ms_ereff.setText(str(er_eff))
333         self.lineEdit_ms_L.setText(str(l*1.0e3))
334 if __name__ == "__main__":
335     app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
336     window = MyApp()
337     window.setWindowOpacity(1)
338     #window.setWindowFlags(Qt.Qt.FramelessWindowHint)
339     #window.setWindowFlags(Qt.Qt.WindowTitleHint)
340     window.show()
341     sys.exit(app.exec_())