cascade 级联:让操作级联到子实体
1.配置文件
Grade.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="cn.siggy.pojo"> <class name="Grade"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name"/> <!-- set是 Grade中的集合属性 name属性名称 --> <set name="students" cascade="delete"> <!-- key表示外键 column外键列名--> <key column="grade_id"></key> <!-- one-to-many 一对多 类Grade 中 students 所表示类型 --> <one-to-many class="Student"/> </set> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
Student.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="cn.siggy.pojo"> <class name="Student"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name"/> <property name="age"/> <!-- cascade 级联:让操作级联到子实体 save-update:保存和更新多的一端数据时,一的一端的数据可以一起保存和更新 none:不级联 delete:删除级联-不能在多的一端使用 all:表示所有操作都级联 --> <many-to-one name="grade" class="Grade" column="grade_id" cascade="save-update"></many-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
2.测试代码【依次执行单元测试@Test】
package cn.siggy.test;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import javax.sql.rowset.serial.SerialException;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import org.junit.Test;
import cn.siggy.pojo.Grade;
import cn.siggy.pojo.Student;
import cn.siggy.util.HibernateUtil;
public class HibernateTest {
@Test
public void testCreateDB(){
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
SchemaExport se = new SchemaExport(cfg);
//第一个参数 是否生成ddl脚本 第二个参数 是否执行到数据库中
se.create(true, true);
}
@Test
public void testSave() throws HibernateException, SerialException, SQLException{
Session session = null;
Transaction tx = null;
try{
session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx = session.beginTransaction();
Grade grade = new Grade();
grade.setName("基础");
Student stu = new Student();
stu.setName("张三疯");
stu.setAge(22);
stu.setGrade(grade);
Student stu1 = new Student();
stu1.setName("老王");
stu1.setAge(23);
stu1.setGrade(grade);
grade.getStudents().add(stu);
grade.getStudents().add(stu1);
// session.save(grade);
session.save(stu);
session.save(stu1);
tx.commit();
}catch (HibernateException e) {
if(tx!=null)
tx.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();
throw e;
}finally{
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
}
}
@Test
public void testGet(){
Session session = null;
Transaction tx = null;
try{
session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx = session.beginTransaction();
Grade grade = (Grade)session.get(Grade.class, 1);
session.delete(grade);
tx.commit();
}catch (HibernateException e) {
if(tx!=null)
tx.rollback();
e.printStackTrace();
//throw e;
}finally{
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
}
}
}
3.测试结果
控制台信息:
详解:
1.在保存Student类信息时,由于casecade=save-update,所以会先保存Student类中Grade属性的信息到grade表中,再保存Student类的信息到student表中
【其中student中的gradeid暂时不保存】:
Hibernate: insert into Grade (name) values (?) Hibernate: insert into Student (name, age, grade_id) values (?, ?, ?) Hibernate: insert into Student (name, age, grade_id) values (?, ?, ?)
2.然后再更新保存grade表的student表的关联【保存gradeid】:
Hibernate: update Student set grade_id=? where id=? Hibernate: update Student set grade_id=? where id=?
数据库表信息:
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/chxbar/p/6677112.html