JavaScript中的赋值,其实并不是复制对象,而是类似`c/c++`中的引用(或指针),因此下面的代码中改变对象b中的元素的时候,也就改变了对象a中的元素。
a = {k1:1, k2:2, k3:3}; b = a; b.k2 = 4;
如果只想改变b而保持a不变,就需要对对象a进行复制。
在可以使用jQuery的情况下,jQuery自带的extend
方法可以用来实现对象的复制。
a = {k1:1, k2:2, k3:3}; b = {}; $.extend(b,a);
1 Object.prototype.clone = function() { 2 // Handle null or undefined or function 3 if (null == this || "object" != typeof this) 4 return this; 5 // Handle the 3 simple types, Number and String and Boolean 6 if(this instanceof Number || this instanceof String || this instanceof Boolean) 7 return this.valueOf(); 8 // Handle Date 9 if (this instanceof Date) { 10 var copy = new Date(); 11 copy.setTime(this.getTime()); 12 return copy; 13 } 14 // Handle Array or Object 15 if (this instanceof Object || this instanceof Array) { 16 var copy = (this instanceof Array)?[]:{}; 17 for (var attr in this) { 18 if (this.hasOwnProperty(attr)) 19 copy[attr] = this[attr]?this[attr].clone():this[attr]; 20 } 21 return copy; 22 } 23 throw new Error("Unable to clone obj! Its type isn‘t supported."); 24 }
所有对象可以直接使用`.clone()`
var a=[1,2,true,null,"fdsfdsa",[1,"fdsa",{"a":1,"b":["fd",3,{"b":"3","c":""},new Date()],"c":new Date(),"d":false,"e":null}]]; var b=a.clone();
1 function clone(obj) { 2 // Handle the 3 simple types, and null or undefined or function 3 if (null == obj || "object" != typeof obj) return obj; 4 5 // Handle Date 6 if (obj instanceof Date) { 7 var copy = new Date(); 8 copy.setTime(obj.getTime()); 9 return copy; 10 } 11 // Handle Array or Object 12 if (obj instanceof Array | obj instanceof Object) { 13 var copy = (obj instanceof Array)?[]:{}; 14 for (var attr in obj) { 15 if (obj.hasOwnProperty(attr)) 16 copy[attr] = clone(obj[attr]); 17 } 18 return copy; 19 } 20 throw new Error("Unable to clone obj! Its type isn‘t supported."); 21 }
用法类似:
var a=[1,2,true,null,"fdsfdsa",[1,"fdsa",{"a":1,"b":["fd",3,{"b":"3","c":""},new Date()],"c":new Date(),"d":false,"e":null}]]; var b=clone(a);
用上面两种方法都可以得到同样的结果。
至于用哪个怎么用,取决于你的喜好/习惯了 :) 就本人来说,我更倾向于使用原型的方法啦,方便嘛,啊哈哈哈~
你想测试结果的话,直接复制代码运行:
1 var a=[1,2,true,null,"fdsfdsa",[1,"fdsa",{"a":1,"b":["fd",3,undefined,{"b":"3","c":""},new Date()],"c":new Date(),"d":false,"e":null,"f":function(){return 2;}}],function(){}]; 2 console.log("a=",a); 3 console.log("b=a.clone();"); 4 b=a.clone(); 5 console.log("JSON.stringify(a)==JSON.stringify(b) = ",JSON.stringify(a)==JSON.stringify(b)); 6 console.log("JSON.stringify(a)===JSON.stringify(b) = ",JSON.stringify(a)===JSON.stringify(b)); 7 console.log("JSON.stringify(a) = ",JSON.stringify(a)); 8 console.log("JSON.stringify(b) = ",JSON.stringify(b)); 9 console.log("a[2]=123,b[2]=55555"); 10 a[2]=123,b[2]=55555; 11 console.log("a=",a,"\t\t","b=",b); 12 13 console.log("b=clone(a);"); 14 b=clone(a); 15 console.log("JSON.stringify(a)==JSON.stringify(b) = ",JSON.stringify(a)==JSON.stringify(b)); 16 console.log("JSON.stringify(a)===JSON.stringify(b) = ",JSON.stringify(a)===JSON.stringify(b)); 17 console.log("JSON.stringify(a) = ",JSON.stringify(a)); 18 console.log("JSON.stringify(b) = ",JSON.stringify(b)); 19 console.log("a[2]=1234,b[2]=33333"); 20 a[2]=1234,b[2]=33333; 21 console.log("a=",a,"\t\t","b=",b);
可以看到, 输出结果 `a` 和 `b` 是相等的,但是 改变 `a` 的元素的值, 并不会影响到 `b` 的元素。
JavaScript 中的对象深度复制(Object Deep Clone)
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/lzpong/p/6973003.html