SQLPLUS username[/password][@connect_identifier] [AS SYSOPER|SYSDBA] -- sqlplus system/1234@orcl as sysdba;
STARTUP [nomount|mount|open|force] [resetrict] [pfile=filename] -- startup
SHUTDOWN [normal|transactional|immediate|abort] -- shutdown
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/cnblogs-qm/p/7057003.html