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##########恢复前的准备工作
1、做个热备 select
‘alter tablespace ‘||tablespace_name|| ‘ begin backup;‘ ||chr(10)||
‘host cp ‘||file_name||‘ /backup‘ ||chr(10)||
‘alter tablespace ‘||tablespace_name|| ‘ end backup;‘
from dba_data_files order by tablespace_name; sys@PROD> alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf /backup
alter tablespace SYSAUX end backup;
Tablespace altered.
sys@PROD> alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf /backup
alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;
alter tablespace TP1 begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf /backup
alter tablespace TP1 end backup;
alter tablespace UNDOTBS begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf /backup
alter tablespace UNDOTBS end backup;
alter tablespace USERS begin backup;
host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf /backup
alter tablespace USERS end backup;
2、日志做切换
sys@PROD> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
sys@PROD> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
sys@PROD> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
sys@PROD> conn gyj/gyj
Connected.
gyj@PROD> select * from gyj_test1;
ID NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 guoyJ
2 BBBBB
gyj@PROD> insert into gyj_test1 values(3,‘CCCCC‘);
1 row created.
gyj@PROD> commit;
Commit complete.
gyj@PROD> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
gyj@PROD> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.3、丢失参数文件，控制文件，redo日志文件
[oracle@jfdb dbs]$ rm -rf spfile.ora [oracle@jfdb dbs]$ rm -rf spfilePROD.ora [oracle@jfdb dbs]$ rm -rf initPROD.ora [oracle@jfdb PROD]$ rm -rf control0* [oracle@jfdb PROD]$ rm -rf redo0*
[oracle@jfdb trace]$ cat alert_PROD.log
vi /tmp/pfile.ora
processes = 150
sga_max_size = 900M
sga_target = 900M
control_files = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/control01.ctl"
control_files = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/control02.ctl"
_controlfile_update_check= "OFF"
db_block_size = 8192
log_archive_dest_1 = "location=/arch"
undo_tablespace = "UNDOTBS"
_in_memory_undo = FALSE
service_names = "PROD,crm,oa"
local_listener = "(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jfdb)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=jfdb)(PORT=1522))))"
db_name = "PROD"
pga_aggregate_target = 200M
sys@PROD> startup pfile=‘/tmp/pfile.ora‘ nomount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 939495424 bytes Fixed Size 2233960 bytes Variable Size 251660696 bytes Database Buffers 679477248 bytes Redo Buffers 6123520 bytes sys@PROD> create spfile from pfile=‘/tmp/pfile.ora‘; File created.
3、开始还原数据文件
oracle@jfdb arch]$ cd /backup [oracle@jfdb backup]$ ll total 1664052 -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 340795392 Jun 8 06:01 sysaux01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Jun 8 06:01 system01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Jun 8 06:01 tp01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209723392 Jun 8 06:01 undotbs01.dbf -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Jun 8 06:02 users01.dbf [oracle@jfdb backup]$ cp * -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD
4、查数据库字符集
select distinct dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) from props$;
DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(ROWID)
------------------------------------
801
[oracle@jfdb PROD]$ dd if=system01.dbf of=guoyJoe bs=8192 skip=801 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
8192 bytes (8.2 kB) copied, 0.000159113 s, 51.5 MB/s
[oracle@jfdb PROD]$ strings guoyJoe
NO_USERID_VERIFIER_SALT 0438054C4F979EC5A5F74990346F5327,
WORKLOAD_REPLAY_MODE
bPREPARE implies external replay clients can connect; REPLAY implies workload replay is in progress,
WORKLOAD_CAPTURE_MODE
/CAPTURE implies workload capture is in progress,
EXPORT_VIEWS_VERSION
Export views revision #,
DEFAULT_PERMANENT_TABLESPACE
USERS$Name of default permanent tablespace,
GLOBAL_DB_NAME
PROD
Global database name,
NLS_RDBMS_VERSION
11.2.0.3.0 RDBMS version for NLS parameters,
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
NCHAR Character set,
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP
FALSE
NLS conversion exception,
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS
BYTE
NLS length semantics,
NLS_COMP
BINARY
NLS comparison,
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY
Dual currency symbol,
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
Timestamp with timezone format,
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
Time with timezone format,
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
Time stamp format,
NLS_TIME_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM
Time format,
NLS_SORT
BINARY
Linguistic definition,
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN
Date language,
NLS_DATE_FORMAT DD-MON-RR
Date format,
NLS_CALENDAR GREGORIAN
Calendar system,
NLS_CHARACTERSET
ZHS16GBK
Character set,
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS
Numeric characters,
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY
AMERICA
ISO currency,
NLS_CURRENCY
Local currency,
NLS_TERRITORY
AMERICA Territory,
NLS_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN
Language,
DEFAULT_TBS_TYPE SMALLFILE
Default tablespace type,
DST_SECONDARY_TT_VERSION
0‘Version of secondary timezone data file,
DST_PRIMARY_TT_VERSION
14%Version of primary timezone data file,
DST_UPGRADE_STATE
NONE&State of Day Light Saving Time Upgrade,
DBTIMEZONE
+08:00
DB time zone,
TDE_MASTER_KEY_ID,
Flashback Timestamp TimeZone
GMT"Flashback timestamp created in GMT,
DEFAULT_EDITION
ORA$BASE$Name of the database default edition,
DEFAULT_PERMANENT_TABLESPACE
SYSTEM$Name of default permanent tablespace,
DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE
TEMPTS$Name of default temporary tablespace,
DICT.BASE
2 dictionary base tables version #
sys@PROD> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "PROD" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG 2 MAXLOGFILES 32 3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 2 4 MAXDATAFILES 32 5 MAXINSTANCES 1 6 MAXLOGHISTORY 449 7 LOGFILE 8 GROUP 1 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo01.log‘ SIZE 50M, 9 GROUP 2 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo02.log‘ SIZE 50M, 10 GROUP 3 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/redo03.log‘ SIZE 50M 11 DATAFILE 12 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf‘, 13 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf‘, 14 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf‘, 15 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf‘, 16 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/tp01.dbf‘ 17 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK; Control file created.
sys@PROD> select count(*) from v$archived_log;
COUNT(*)
----------
0
sys@PROD> alter database register physical logfile ‘/arch/1_134_842976958.dbf‘;
Database altered.
sys@PROD> alter database register physical logfile ‘/arch/1_135_842976958.dbf‘;
Database altered.
sys@PROD> alter database register physical logfile ‘/arch/1_136_842976958.dbf‘;
Database altered.
sys@PROD> alter database register physical logfile ‘/arch/1_137_842976958.dbf‘;
Database altered.
sys@PROD> alter database register physical logfile ‘/arch/1_138_842976958.dbf‘;
Database altered.
sys@PROD> select count(*) from v$archived_log;
COUNT(*)
----------
5sys@PROD> select file#,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------------------
1 1658759
2 1658739
3 1658788
4 1658802
5 1658774
sys@PROD> select file#,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------------------
1 1658759
2 1658739
3 1658788
4 1658802
5 16587748、开始不完全恢复
sys@PROD> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 1658739 generated at 06/08/2014 06:01:29 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /arch/1_134_842976958.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1658739 for thread 1 is in sequence #134
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
ORA-00279: change 1658838 generated at 06/08/2014 06:02:46 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /arch/1_135_842976958.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1658838 for thread 1 is in sequence #135
ORA-00278: log file ‘/arch/1_134_842976958.dbf‘ no longer needed for this recovery
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
ORA-00279: change 1658841 generated at 06/08/2014 06:02:47 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /arch/1_136_842976958.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1658841 for thread 1 is in sequence #136
ORA-00278: log file ‘/arch/1_135_842976958.dbf‘ no longer needed for this recovery
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
ORA-00279: change 1658844 generated at 06/08/2014 06:02:50 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /arch/1_137_842976958.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1658844 for thread 1 is in sequence #137
ORA-00278: log file ‘/arch/1_136_842976958.dbf‘ no longer needed for this recovery
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
ORA-00279: change 1658856 generated at 06/08/2014 06:03:17 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /arch/1_138_842976958.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1658856 for thread 1 is in sequence #138
ORA-00278: log file ‘/arch/1_137_842976958.dbf‘ no longer needed for this recovery
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
ORA-00279: change 1658859 generated at 06/08/2014 06:03:21 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /arch/1_139_842976958.dbf
ORA-00280: change 1658859 for thread 1 is in sequence #139
ORA-00278: log file ‘/arch/1_138_842976958.dbf‘ no longer needed for this recovery
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.9、再次查看数据文件头的检查点与控制文件的检查点是否一致
sys@PROD> select file#,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------------------
1 1658859
2 1658859
3 1658859
4 1658859
5 1658859
sys@PROD> select file#,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
---------- ------------------
1 1658859
2 1658859
3 1658859
4 1658859
5 1658859
10、用resetlogs打开数据库
sys@PROD> alter database open resetlogs; Database altered.
同时丢失参数文件、控制文件及redo log file的不完全恢复（有数据文件的热备和归档）,布布扣,bubuko.com
同时丢失参数文件、控制文件及redo log file的不完全恢复（有数据文件的热备和归档）
原文：http://blog.csdn.net/guoyjoe/article/details/30839817