mysqls

#1. 物理备份： 直接复制数据库文件，适用于大型数据库环境。但不能恢复到异构系统中如Windows。
#2. 逻辑备份： 备份的是建表、建库、插入等操作所执行SQL语句，适用于中小型数据库，效率相对较低。
#3. 导出表： 将表导入到文本文件中。

SELECT... INTO OUTFILE 导出文本文件
示例：
mysql> SELECT * FROM school.student1
INTO OUTFILE ‘student1.txt‘
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,‘ //定义字段分隔符
OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY ‘”‘ //定义字符串使用什么符号括起来
LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n‘ ; //定义换行符


mysql 命令导出文本文件
示例:
# mysql -u root -p123 -e ‘select * from student1.school‘ > /tmp/student1.txt
# mysql -u root -p123 --xml -e ‘select * from student1.school‘ > /tmp/student1.xml
# mysql -u root -p123 --html -e ‘select * from student1.school‘ > /tmp/student1.html

LOAD DATA INFILE 导入文本文件
mysql> DELETE FROM student1;
mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE ‘/tmp/student1.txt‘
INTO TABLE school.student1
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,‘
OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY ‘”‘
LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n‘;