1.备份分为:物理备份和逻辑备份
Table 1-1 Feature Comparison of Backup Techniques
| Feature | Recovery Manager | User-Managed | Data Pump Export |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Closed database backups |
Supported. Requires instance to be mounted. |
Supported. |
Not supported. |
|
Open database backups |
Supported. No need to use |
Supported. Must use |
Requires rollback or undo segments to generate consistent backups. |
|
Incremental backups |
Supported. |
Not supported. |
Not supported. |
|
Corrupt block detection |
Supported. Identifies corrupt blocks and logs in |
Not supported. |
Supported. Identifies corrupt blocks in the export log. |
|
Automatic specification of files to include in a backup(备份信息) |
Supported. Establishes the name and locations of all files to be backed up (whole database, tablespaces, data files, control files, and so on). |
Not supported. Files to be backed up must be located and copied manually. |
Not applicable. |
|
Backup repository |
Supported. Backups are recorded in the control file, which is the main repository of RMAN metadata. Additionally, you can store this metadata in a recovery catalog, which is a schema in a different database. |
Not supported. DBA must keep own records of backups. |
Not supported. |
|
Backups to a media manager |
Supported. Interfaces with a media manager. RMAN also supports proxy copy, a feature that allows a media manager to manage completely the transfer of data between disk and backup media. |
Supported. Backup to tape is manual or controlled by a media manager.(需要手动或备份管理器) |
Not supported. |
|
Backup of initialization parameter file |
Supported. |
Supported. |
Not supported. |
|
Backup of password and networking files |
Not supported. |
Supported. |
Not supported. |
|
Platform-independent language for backups(平台依赖的语言?) |
Supported. |
Not supported. |
Supported. |
官方文档备份指南一 Introduction to Backup and Recovery,布布扣,bubuko.com
官方文档备份指南一 Introduction to Backup and Recovery
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/skyrim/p/3809834.html