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[Kaggle] dogs-vs-cats之制作数据集

时间:2017-09-29 01:14:51      阅读:740      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

 

Step 0:导入必要的库

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import os

 

Step 1:获取图片文件名以及对应的标签

# you need to change this to your data directory
train_dir = E:\\data\\Dog_Cat\\train\\#Windows
#train_dir = ‘/home/kevin/tensorflow/cats_vs_dogs/data/train/‘#linux

def get_files(file_dir):
    ‘‘‘
    Args:
        file_dir: file directory
    Returns:
        list of images and labels
    ‘‘‘
    cats = []
    label_cats = []
    dogs = []
    label_dogs = []
    for file in os.listdir(file_dir):
        name = file.split(sep=.)
        if name[0]==cat:
            cats.append(file_dir + file)
            label_cats.append(0)
        else:
            dogs.append(file_dir + file)
            label_dogs.append(1)
    print(There are %d cats\nThere are %d dogs %(len(cats), len(dogs)))
    
    image_list = np.hstack((cats, dogs))#合并数据
    label_list = np.hstack((label_cats, label_dogs))
    
    #转置、随机打乱
    temp = np.array([image_list, label_list])#转换成2维矩阵
    temp = temp.transpose()#转置
    np.random.shuffle(temp)#按行随机打乱顺序
    
    image_list = list(temp[:, 0])#取出第0列数据,即图片路径
    label_list = list(temp[:, 1])#取出第1列数据,即图片标签
    label_list = [int(i) for i in label_list]#转换成int数据类型
    
    
    return image_list, label_list

 

函数注释:

1)np.hstack:

函数原型:numpy.hstack(tup)

tup可以是python中的元组(tuple)、列表(list),或者numpy中数组(array),函数作用是将tup在水平方向上(按列顺序)合并。

举例:

a=[1,2,3]

b=[4,5,6]

print(np.hstack((a,b)))


输出:[1 2 3 4 5 6 ]

 

 

2)transpose()

函数原型:numpy.transpose(aaxes=None)

作用:将输入的array转置,并返回转置后的array

 

举例:

>>> x = np.arange(4).reshape((2,2))

>>> x

array([[0, 1],

       [2, 3]])

>>> np.transpose(x)

array([[0, 2],

       [1, 3]])

 

 

注:

image_list = ["D:\\1.jpg","D:\\2.jpg","D:\\3.jpg"]
label_list = [1,0,1]

temp = np.array([image_list, label_list])
print(temp)
#输出:
#[[‘D:\\1.jpg‘ ‘D:\\2.jpg‘ ‘D:\\3.jpg‘]
# [‘1‘ ‘0‘ ‘1‘]]

temp = temp.transpose()
print(temp)
#输出:
#[[‘D:\\1.jpg‘ ‘1‘]
# [‘D:\\2.jpg‘ ‘0‘]
# [‘D:\\3.jpg‘ ‘1‘]]
np.random.shuffle(temp)
print(temp)

#输出:
#[[‘D:\\2.jpg‘ ‘0‘]
# [‘D:\\1.jpg‘ ‘1‘]
# [‘D:\\3.jpg‘ ‘1‘]]

 

Step 2:

def get_batch(image, label, image_W, image_H, batch_size, capacity):
    ‘‘‘
    Args:
        image: list type
        label: list type
        image_W: image width
        image_H: image height
        batch_size: batch size
        capacity: the maximum elements in queue
    Returns:
        image_batch: 4D tensor [batch_size, width, height, 3], dtype=tf.float32
        label_batch: 1D tensor [batch_size], dtype=tf.int32
    ‘‘‘
    #将python的list数据类型转换为tensorflow的数据类型
    image = tf.cast(image, tf.string)
    label = tf.cast(label, tf.int32)

    #image = tf.convert_to_tensor(image_list, dtype=tf.string)
    #label = tf.convert_to_tensor(label_list, dtype=tf.int32)
    
    # make an input queue  生成一个队列
    input_queue = tf.train.slice_input_producer([image, label])
    
    label = input_queue[1]
    image_contents = tf.read_file(input_queue[0])#读取图片
    image = tf.image.decode_jpeg(image_contents, channels=3)#解码jpg格式图片
    
    ######################################
    # data argumentation should go to here
    ######################################
    #图片resize
    image = tf.image.resize_image_with_crop_or_pad(image, image_W, image_H)
    
    # if you want to test the generated batches of images, you might want to comment the following line.
    # 如果想看到正常的图片,请注释掉111行(标准化)和 126行(image_batch = tf.cast(image_batch, tf.float32))
    # 训练时不要注释掉!
    #数据标准化
    image = tf.image.per_image_standardization(image)
    #Creates batches of tensors in tensors.
    image_batch, label_batch = tf.train.batch([image, label],
                                                batch_size= batch_size,
                                                num_threads= 2, #线程数设置
                                                capacity = capacity) #队列中最多能容纳的元素
    
    #you can also use shuffle_batch 
#    image_batch, label_batch = tf.train.shuffle_batch([image,label],
#                                                      batch_size=BATCH_SIZE,
#                                                      num_threads=64,
#                                                      capacity=CAPACITY,
#                                                      min_after_dequeue=CAPACITY-1)
    #print(label_batch.shape)
    label_batch = tf.reshape(label_batch, [batch_size])###多此一举?
    #print(label_batch.shape)
    image_batch = tf.cast(image_batch, tf.float32)
    
    return image_batch, label_batch

 

函数注释:

1)tf.cast

cast(
    x,
    dtype,
    name=None
)

将x转换为dtype数据类型的张量。

举例:

x = tf.constant([1.8, 2.2], dtype=tf.float32)

tf.cast(x, tf.int32)  # [1, 2], dtype=tf.int32

 

2)tf.train.slice_input_producer

slice_input_producer(
    tensor_list,
    num_epochs=None,
    shuffle=True,
    seed=None,
    capacity=32,
    shared_name=None,
    name=None
)

Produces a slice of each Tensor in tensor_list.

Implemented using a Queue -- a QueueRunner for the Queue is added to the current Graph‘s QUEUE_RUNNERcollection.

Args:

  • tensor_list: A list of Tensor objects. Every Tensor in tensor_list must have the same size in the first dimension.
  • num_epochs: An integer (optional). If specified, slice_input_producer produces each slice num_epochs times before generating an OutOfRange error. If not specified, slice_input_producer can cycle through the slices an unlimited number of times.
  • shuffle: Boolean. If true, the integers are randomly shuffled within each epoch.
  • seed: An integer (optional). Seed used if shuffle == True.
  • capacity: An integer. Sets the queue capacity.
  • shared_name: (optional). If set, this queue will be shared under the given name across multiple sessions.
  • name: A name for the operations (optional).

Returns:

A list of tensors, one for each element of tensor_list. If the tensor in tensor_list has shape [N, a, b, .., z], then the corresponding output tensor will have shape [a, b, ..., z].

Raises:

  • ValueError: if slice_input_producer produces nothing from tensor_list.

 

简单说来,就是生成一个队列,该队列的容量为capacity

 

3)tf.read_file

作用:读取输入文件的内容并输出

 

4)tf.image.decode_jpeg

作用:将JPEG格式编码的图片解码成uint8数据类型的tensor。

 

5)tf.image.resize_image_with_crop_or_pad

resize_image_with_crop_or_pad(
    image,
    target_height,
    target_width
)

将图片大小调整为target_height和target_width大小。若原图像比较大,则以中心点为裁剪。若原图像比较小,则在短边补零,使得大小为target_height和target_width。

 

6)tf.image.per_image_standardization

线性尺度变化,使得原图像具有零均值,单位范数( zero mean and unit norm)。

也就是计算(x - mean) / adjusted_stddev,其中mean是图像中所有像素的平均值,adjusted_stddev = max(stddev, 1.0/sqrt(image.NumElements()))

adjusted_stddev是图像中所有像素的标准差,max作用为防止stddev的值为0。

 

7)tf.train.batch

batch(
    tensors,
    batch_size,
    num_threads=1,
    capacity=32,
    enqueue_many=False,
    shapes=None,
    dynamic_pad=False,
    allow_smaller_final_batch=False,
    shared_name=None,
    name=None
)

作用:Creates batches of tensors in tensors.即从输入的tensors获取batch_size大小的数据。

该函数是利用队列实现的。因此在使用的时候需要使用QueueRunner启动队列。

 

step3:测试。测试上面写的两个函数是否正确。

#%% TEST
# To test the generated batches of images
# When training the model, DO comment the following codes

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

BATCH_SIZE = 4
CAPACITY = 256
IMG_W = 208
IMG_H = 208

#train_dir = ‘/home/kevin/tensorflow/cats_vs_dogs/data/train/‘
train_dir = E:\\data\\Dog_Cat\\train\\
image_list, label_list = get_files(train_dir)
image_batch, label_batch = get_batch(image_list, label_list, IMG_W, IMG_H, BATCH_SIZE, CAPACITY)

with tf.Session() as sess:
    i = 0
    coord = tf.train.Coordinator()
    threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(coord=coord)
    
    try:
        while not coord.should_stop() and i<1:
            
            img, label = sess.run([image_batch, label_batch])
            
            # just test one batch
            for j in range(BATCH_SIZE):#np.arange(BATCH_SIZE):
                print(label: %d %label[j])
                plt.imshow(img[j,:,:,:])
                plt.show()
            i+=1
            
    except tf.errors.OutOfRangeError:
        print(done!)
    finally:
        coord.request_stop()
    coord.join(threads)

 

函数注释:

1)tf.train.Coordinator()

作用:线程协调者

任意一个线程可以调用coord.request_stop()来使所有线程停止。为了达到这一目的,每个线程必须定期检查coord.should_stop()。只要coord.request_stop()一被调用,那么coord.should_stop()马上返回True。

因此,一个典型的 thread running with a coordinator如下:

while not coord.should_stop():

  ...do some work...

 

2)tf.train.start_queue_runners

作用:启动graph中所有的队列。

 

最后的效果:

技术分享

 

说明:

代码来自:https://github.com/kevin28520/My-TensorFlow-tutorials,略有修改

函数作用主要参考tensorflow官网。https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/master/api_docs/

 

注:

我建了一个deep learning交流群,感兴趣的可以加群,大家一起交流,一起进步。qq群号:134449436

 

[Kaggle] dogs-vs-cats之制作数据集

原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/hejunlin1992/p/7609231.html

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