[r1]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0 进入端口
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 创建IP
[r1]interface loopback 0 创建虚拟端口
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0 配置IP

[r2]interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0 进入端口
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 创建IP
[r2]interface loopback 0 创建虚拟端口
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 10.10.2.2 255.255.255.0 配置IP

[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.10.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.10.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

验证：

[r1]display ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 192.168.1.1
      Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.2 Full

[r1]

[r2]display ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 192.168.1.2
      Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.1 Full

==================================================================

验证 OSPF hello 包中的关键参数（配置要求）

============================================
直接建立邻居关系的路由器，RID（路由ID）一定不能相同；

查看命令：display ospf peer
RID更改命令：[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
系统反馈：Info: The configuration succeeded. You need to restart the OSPF process to valid
ate the new router ID.
ospf更新：<r1>reset ospf 1 process
Warning: The OSPF process will be reset. Continue? [Y/N]:y
系统反馈：Jan 16 2018 17:53:45-08:00 r1 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_CHG_DOWN(l)[0]:Neighbor event:neigh
bor state changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.1.168.192, Neighbor
Event=KillNbr, NeighborPreviousState=Full, NeighborCurrentState=Down)

更改完成对r2进行更改结果
<r2>reset ospf 1 process
Warning: The OSPF process will be reset. Continue? [Y/N]:y
Jan 16 2018 17:59:37-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_CHG_DOWN(l)[0]:Neighbor event:neigh
bor state changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.1.1, NeighborEven
t=KillNbr, NeighborPreviousState=Full, NeighborCurrentState=Down)
<r2>
Jan 16 2018 17:59:37-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/3/NBR_DOWN_REASON(l)[1]:Neighbor state le
aves full or changed to Down. (ProcessId=256, NeighborRouterId=1.1.1.1, Neighbor
AreaId=16777216, NeighborInterface=GigabitEthernet0/0/0,NeighborDownImmediate re
ason=Neighbor Down Due to Kill Neighbor, NeighborDownPrimeReason=OSPF Process Re
set, NeighborChangeTime=2018-01-16 17:59:37-08:00)
<r2>
Jan 16 2018 17:59:39-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[2]:OSPF Route
r id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaId
=1.0.0.0, InterfaceName=GigabitEthernet0/0/0, IpAddr=2.1.168.192, PacketSrcIp=1
.1.168.192)
验证完成

区域ID必须相同
[r2]ospf
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]undo network 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.10.2.2 0.0.0.0
验证：
[r2]display ospf peer brief
系统回应邻居表无数据

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.10.2.2
      Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State

区域重新改回
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]undo network 10.10.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]undo network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[r2-ospf-1]undo area 0
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.10.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
Jan 16 2018 20:08:16-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[0]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
Jan 16 2018 20:08:16-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[1]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way)
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
Jan 16 2018 20:08:16-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
Jan 16 2018 20:08:16-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exc
hange)
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
Jan 16 2018 20:08:16-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loadi
ng)
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
Jan 16 2018 20:08:16-08:00 r2 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=1.1.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full)

系统回应验证
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]display ospf peer brief

 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.10.2.2
      Peer Statistic Information

Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.1.1 Full

验证完成

==================================================================
OSPF链路完成的其它条件：

  认证必须成功
  子网掩码必须相同【特殊情况下】
  hello时间必须相同
  特殊标记位必须完全相同
  DR优先级，不能全为0【特殊情况下】
  3层MTU，必须完全相同

验证 OSPF hello 包中的关键参数（配置要求）

原文：http://blog.51cto.com/13556637/2061801