swift扩展了非常多功能和属性,有些也比較奇P。仅仅有慢慢学习,通过经验慢慢总结了。
以下将初步学习一下类的写法。
码工,最大爱好就是看码,而不是文字,太枯燥。
// // computer.swift // swiftDemo // // Created by apple on 14-6-8. // Copyright (c) 2014年 fengsh. All rights reserved. /* 写本样例的目的在于高速学习swift类的写法,包含知识点: 1.属性设置 2.构造、释构 3.接口实现多态 4.函数的重载(重载非常特别不须要overload关键词Delphi的朋友注意了)和重写(override) 5.类函数(静态成员函数) 6.各种函数的声明,带參,默认值,多个返回,多个输出參数,多个未确定參数的函数,内连函数等 7.函数类型变量,函数地址作为传參,返回函数地址(还未完工,学习中) 8.单例 9.swift新功能willset,didset @lazy 属性 10.(兴许学习补充) */ import Foundation var instance : Computer? let unk = "unKnow" //显示器屏幕宽高 struct MonitorWH { var width = 0 var height = 0 var resolution = 0.0 //分辩率 } //协义,接口,实现多重继承 protocol ProtocolComputer { var price : Double {get} //仅仅有get方法 func runComputer() } //计算机类型 enum ComputerType :Int { case none case book //笔记本 case superBook //超级笔记本 case home //家庭电脑 } func callbackWhenStarting()//computer:Computer { } //计算机类 class Computer : NSObject,ProtocolComputer { var cpu = unk //cpu var memory = unk //内存 var hardDisk = unk //硬盘 var monitor = unk //显示器 var cpName = unk //品牌 var computertype : ComputerType = .none //@lazy //这关键词声明的有啥作用啊???? //继承接口的属性 var price :Double = 0.0 //willset didset属性 var totalPrice: Int = 0 { willSet(newTotalPrice) { //參数使用new+变量名且变量名首地址大写 println("准备将totalPrice值(原值为:\(totalPrice))设为: \(newTotalPrice)") //to do somthing before set. } didSet { if totalPrice > oldValue { println("设置后新值比旧值添加?了\(totalPrice - oldValue)") } } } //声明一个set,get属性 var computerPrice: Double { get { println("you call computerPrice.") return price } set { price = newValue println("you set computerPrice value is \(price)") } } //默认构造 init() { println("default creatrustor is called.") } //默认构造 不能和init()共存 // convenience init() { // self.init(computerName: "unknow" ,price:0) // } //自己定义构造函数 init(computerName:String,price:Double) { println("custom creatrustor is called.") self.cpName = computerName self.price = price } //释构 deinit { println("this is destory?") } func description() -> String { //还真不知道怎么换行来写代码曾经能够使用\如今被作參用了 return "Computer description : product \(self.cpName) ,type is \(self.computertype.toRaw()) , cpu is \(self.cpu) ,memory is \(self.memory),disk is \(self.hardDisk) ,monitor is \(self.monitor) ,price is \(self.price)" } //类函数 (OC 中的+号操作, c/c++ 中的static 函数) class func shareInstance() -> Computer { return Computer() } //开机关机 (不带返回值函数) func operationComputer(onOrOff : Bool) { if onOrOff { println("computer is starting") } else { println("computer is stopping") } } //无參,无返回值函数 func computerRunning() { println("computer is running") } //多个返回值(即输出參数) func getComputerConfig()->(cpu:String,hd:String,mem:String,mon:String) { return (self.cpu,self.hardDisk,self.memory,self.monitor) } //使用inout參数来作为输出參数 func getComputerConfig(inout cpu:String,inout hd:String,inout mem:String,inout mon:String) { cpu = self.cpu hd = self.hardDisk mem = self.memory mon = self.monitor } //外部參数名函数(目的是让调用者更加清楚每一个參数的详细函义) //computerCPU,withComputerhardDisk,withComputerMemory,withComputerMonitor 这些都是外部參数名 //在调用时必须带上 func setComputerConfig(computerCPU cpu:String,withComputerhardDisk hd:String, withComputerMemory mem:String,withComputerMonitor mon:String) { self.cpu = cpu self.hardDisk = hd self.memory = mem self.monitor = mon } //使用#来把变量名提升了具有外部參数名作用的变量名,这样就不用再写一次外部參数名(在外部參数名与变量名同样时使用) func setComputerConfig(#cpu:String,disk:String,mem:String,mon:String) { self.cpu = cpu self.hardDisk = disk self.memory = mem self.monitor = mon } //參数的默认值 func macBookPro(pname:String = "Apple",cpu:String = "Intel Core I5",type:ComputerType, mem:String = "2G",disk:String ,mon:String = "Intel HD Graphics 4000") { self.cpu = cpu self.hardDisk = disk self.memory = mem self.monitor = mon self.cpName = pname self.computertype = type } //可变參数 func usbNumbers(usbs:String...) -> String { var ret : String = "" for usb in usbs { println(usb) ret += (usb + ",") } return ret } //常量參数、变量參数 //虽然函数内部改动了version 但并不影响原来外部设定的值 func lookWindowsVersion(var version:String) ->String { version = "default windows " + version return version } //mutating func func getResolution(pname:String) -> MonitorWH { var mt = MonitorWH(width: 1364,height: 1280,resolution: 16/9) if pname == "Phripse" { mt = MonitorWH(width: 5555,height: 3333,resolution: 29/10) } return mt } //函数作为參数传參 //var callbackWhenStarting : ()->() = callbackWhenStarting //函数作为返回值 //函数作为变量定义 //嵌套函数 func openTask() { func openOtherTask() { println("open other task") } println("open task") } //函数重写 func lookComputerBasicHardInfo(computer:Computer) { } //接口实现 func runComputer() { println("Computer run.") } } class Lenove : Computer { override func lookComputerBasicHardInfo(computer:Computer) { if computer is Lenove //is as 操作。 { println("这是联想") } } }
//var cpt = Computer() //调用默认构造 var cpt = Computer(computerName: "Apple",price:12000) //调用自己定义构造 println(cpt.description) println(cpt.getComputerConfig()) //属性測试 println("价钱为:\(cpt.computerPrice)") cpt.computerPrice = 2000.0; println("设置后的价钱为:\(cpt.computerPrice)") //測试willset didset cpt.totalPrice = 100; cpt.totalPrice = 400; cpt.totalPrice = 900; var a = "",b = "",c = "",d = "" cpt.getComputerConfig(&a,hd: &b,mem: &c,mon: &d) println("a=\(a),b=\(b),c=\(c),d=\(d)") cpt.setComputerConfig(computerCPU :"inter i5", withComputerhardDisk:"WD 500", withComputerMemory:"4G",withComputerMonitor:"Phripse") println("最新配置:\(cpt.description)") cpt.setComputerConfig(cpu: "AMD", disk: "HD 1T", mem: "8G", mon: "SamSung") println("最新配置:\(cpt.description)") //使用缺省值调用函数 cpt.macBookPro(type: ComputerType.book,disk: "5") println("平果配置:\(cpt.description)") let usbSupportType = cpt.usbNumbers("2.0","3.0") println("支持USB接口:\(usbSupportType))") let extentUsbType = cpt.usbNumbers("5.0") println("扩展USB接口:\(extentUsbType)") var version = "xp 3"; let newversion = cpt.lookWindowsVersion(version); println(version) println(newversion)
custom creatrustor is called. Computer description : product Apple ,type is 0 , cpu is unKnow ,memory is unKnow,disk is unKnow ,monitor is unKnow ,price is 12000.0 (unKnow, unKnow, unKnow, unKnow) you call computerPrice. 价钱为:12000.0 you set computerPrice value is 2000.0 you call computerPrice. 设置后的价钱为:2000.0 准备将totalPrice值(原值为:0)设为: 100 设置后新值比旧值添加?了100 准备将totalPrice值(原值为:100)设为: 400 设置后新值比旧值添加?了300 准备将totalPrice值(原值为:400)设为: 900 设置后新值比旧值添加?了500 a=unKnow,b=unKnow,c=unKnow,d=unKnow 最新配置:Computer description : product Apple ,type is 0 , cpu is inter i5 ,memory is 4G,disk is WD 500 ,monitor is Phripse ,price is 2000.0 最新配置:Computer description : product Apple ,type is 0 , cpu is AMD ,memory is 8G,disk is HD 1T ,monitor is SamSung ,price is 2000.0 平果配置:Computer description : product Apple ,type is 1 , cpu is Intel Core I5 ,memory is 2G,disk is 5 ,monitor is Intel HD Graphics 4000 ,price is 2000.0 2.0 3.0 支持USB接口:2.0,3.0,) 5.0 扩展USB接口:5.0, xp 3 default windows xp 3 this is destory?
谢谢大家,由于是英文文档,看得我头也比較痛,有些要猜和执行来理解,还有些没有完好有点乱。有些没有搞懂所以就没有整理好。
大家共同学习,共同进步。
初探swift语言的学习笔记四(类对象,函数),布布扣,bubuko.com
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/hrhguanli/p/3834172.html