到elasticsearch网站下载最新版本的elasticsearch 6.2.1
https://www.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch
下载tar包，然后解压到/usr/local目录下，修改一下用户和组之后可以使用非root用户启动，启动命令
./bin/elasticsearch
然后访问http://127.0.0.1:9200/
接下来导入json格式的数据，数据内容如下
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"title":"许宝江","url":"7254863","chineseName":"许宝江","sex":"男","occupation":" 滦县农业局局长","nationality":"中国"}
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"title":"鲍志成","url":"2074015","chineseName":"鲍志成","occupation":"医师","nationality":"中国","birthDate":"1901年","deathDate":"1973年","graduatedFrom":"香港大学"}
需要注意的是{"index":{"_id":"1"}}和文件末尾另起一行换行是不可少的
否则会出现400状态，错误提示分别为
Malformed action/metadata line [1], expected START_OBJECT or END_OBJECT but found [VALUE_STRING]
The bulk request must be terminated by a newline [\n]"
使用下面命令来导入json文件
其中的people.json为文件的路径，可以是/home/common/下载/xxx.json
其中的es是index，people是type，在elasticsearch中的index和type可以理解成关系数据库中的database和table，两者都是必不可少的
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST ‘localhost:9200/es/people/_bulk?pretty&refresh‘ --data-binary "@people.json"
成功后的返回值是200，比如
{
"took" : 233,
"errors" : false,
"items" : [
{
"index" : {
"_index" : "es",
"_type" : "people",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"forced_refresh" : true,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 201
}
},
{
"index" : {
"_index" : "es",
"_type" : "people",
"_id" : "2",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"forced_refresh" : true,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"status" : 201
}
}
]
}
接下来可以使用对应的查询语句对数据进行查询