1、错误描述
usage: java org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina [ -config {pathname} ] [ -nonaming ] { -help | start | stop }
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.29 using APR version 1.4.8.
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener initializeSSL
信息: OpenSSL successfully initialized (OpenSSL 1.0.1e 11 Feb 2013)
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8686"]
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 1045 ms
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
2014-7-10 23:28:16 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.53
2014-7-10 23:28:17 org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci onStartup
信息: JSR 356 WebSocket (Java WebSocket 1.0) support is not available when running on Java 6. To suppress this message, run Tomcat on Java 7, remove the WebSocket JARs from $CATALINA_HOME/lib or add the WebSocketJARs to the tomcat.util.scan.DefaultJarScanner.jarsToSkip property in $CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties. Note that the deprecated Tomcat 7 WebSocket API will be available.
2014-7-10 23:28:18 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
信息: Deploying web application archive D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\blazeds.war
2014-7-10 23:28:19 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\docs
2014-7-10 23:28:19 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\examples
2014-7-10 23:28:20 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()
2014-7-10 23:28:20 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()
2014-7-10 23:28:20 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: attributeAdded('org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache', 'org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache@132be10')
2014-7-10 23:28:20 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\FirstSSH
2014-7-10 23:28:21 com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
信息: 初始化上下文 '/FirstSSH' 的 Mojarra 2.0.3 (FCS b03)
2014-7-10 23:28:22 com.sun.faces.spi.InjectionProviderFactory createInstance
信息: JSF1048：有 PostConstruct/PreDestroy 注释。标有这些注释的 ManagedBeans 方法将表示注释已处理。
2014-7-10 23:28:23 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
2014-7-10 23:28:23 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger error
严重: Dispatcher initialization failed
Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/FirstSSH/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:445)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:489)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:74)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:57)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4809)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5485)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Unable to load bean: type: class:org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerThemeTemplateLoader - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/FirstSSH/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:245)
at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:102)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:234)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/cache/TemplateLoader
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:621)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2957)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1210)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1690)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil.loadClass(ClassLoaderUtil.java:144)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:216)
... 24 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: freemarker.cache.TemplateLoader
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1720)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
... 33 more
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
严重: Exception starting filter struts2
Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/FirstSSH/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:501)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:74)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:57)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4809)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5485)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/FirstSSH/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:445)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:489)
... 19 more
Caused by: Unable to load bean: type: class:org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerThemeTemplateLoader - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/FirstSSH/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:245)
at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:102)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:234)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/cache/TemplateLoader
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:621)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2957)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1210)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1690)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil.loadClass(ClassLoaderUtil.java:144)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:216)
... 24 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: freemarker.cache.TemplateLoader
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1720)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
... 33 more
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Error filterStart
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Context [/FirstSSH] startup failed due to previous errors
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader checkThreadLocalMapForLeaks
严重: The web application [/FirstSSH] created a ThreadLocal with key of type [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1] (value [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1@4589eb]) and a value of type [java.util.HashMap] (value [{com.sun.faces.patternCache={ = }}]) but failed to remove it when the web application was stopped. Threads are going to be renewed over time to try and avoid a probable memory leak.
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\host-manager
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\manager
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\ROOT
2014-7-10 23:28:23 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\StudentSystem
2014-7-10 23:28:25 com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
信息: 初始化上下文 '/StudentSystem' 的 Mojarra 2.0.3 (FCS b03)
2014-7-10 23:28:25 com.sun.faces.spi.InjectionProviderFactory createInstance
信息: JSF1048：有 PostConstruct/PreDestroy 注释。标有这些注释的 ManagedBeans 方法将表示注释已处理。
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Unable to locate configuration files of the name struts-plugin.xml, skipping
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-plugin.xml]
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Unable to locate configuration files of the name struts.xml, skipping
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts.xml]
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ActionFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ResultFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ConverterFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.InterceptorFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ValidatorFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManagerFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionPropertiesProcessor)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionFileProcessor)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionAnnotationProcessor)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.LocaleProvider)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (jakarta) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.components.UrlRenderer)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStackFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionContextFactory)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StaticContentLoader)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.UnknownHandlerManager)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (org.apache.struts2.views.util.UrlHelper)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Choosing bean (struts) for (com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.TextParser)
2014-7-10 23:28:26 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8686"]
2014-7-10 23:28:26 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2014-7-10 23:28:26 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 9729 ms
通过这句“Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/cache/TemplateLoader”，可知缺少“freemarker-2.3.19.jar”
3、解决办法
向lib文件夹中复制“freemarker-2.3.19.jar”包
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/cache/TemplateLoader,布布扣,bubuko.com
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/cache/TemplateLoader
原文：http://blog.csdn.net/you23hai45/article/details/37672373