顺序表:
代码如下:
1 #include<iostream> 2 #include<fstream> 3 #include<string> 4 #include<iomanip> 5 using namespace std; 6 #define OK 1 7 #define ERROR 0 8 #define OVERFLOW -2 9 typedef int Status; 10 typedef int ElemType; 11 12 #define MAXSIZE 100 13 struct Book 14 { 15 string id; 16 string name; 17 double price; 18 }; 19 typedef struct 20 { 21 Book *elem; 22 int length; 23 }SqList; 24 25 Status InitList_Sq(SqList &L) 26 { 27 28 L.elem=new Book[MAXSIZE]; 29 if (!L.elem) 30 exit(OVERFLOW); 31 L.length = 0; 32 return OK; 33 } 34 35 Status GetElem(SqList L, int i, Book &e) 36 { 37 if (i < 1 || i > L.length) 38 return ERROR; 39 e=L.elem[i-1]; //??请同学在此填写代码 //elem[i-1]单元存储第i个数据元素 40 return OK; 41 } 42 43 int LocateElem_Sq(SqList L, double e) 44 { 45 for (int i = 0; i < L.length; i++) 46 if (L.elem[i].price == e) 47 return i + 1; 48 return 0; 49 } 50 51 Status ListInsert_Sq(SqList &L, int i, Book e) 52 { 53 if ((i < 1) || (i > L.length + 1)) 54 return ERROR; 55 if (L.length == MAXSIZE) 56 return ERROR; 57 for(int j=L.length-1;j>=i-1;j--) 58 L.elem[j+1]=L.elem[j]; 59 L.elem[i-1]=e; //??请同学在此填写几行代码 60 ++L.length; 61 return OK; 62 } 63 64 Status ListDelete_Sq(SqList &L, int i) 65 { 66 if ((i < 1) || (i > L.length)) 67 return ERROR; 68 for (int j = i; j <= L.length; j++) 69 L.elem[j - 1] = L.elem[j]; 70 --L.length; 71 return OK; 72 } 73 74 int main() { 75 SqList L; 76 int i = 0, temp, a, c, choose; 77 double price; 78 Book e; 79 string head_1, head_2, head_3; 80 cout << "1. 建立\n"; 81 cout << "2. 输入\n"; 82 cout << "3. 取值\n"; 83 cout << "4. 查找\n"; 84 cout << "5. 插入\n"; 85 cout << "6. 删除\n"; 86 cout << "7. 输出\n"; 87 cout << "0. 退出\n\n"; 88 89 choose = -1; 90 while (choose != 0) { 91 cout << "请选择:"; 92 cin >> choose; 93 switch (choose) 94 { 95 case 1: 96 if (InitList_Sq(L)) 97 cout << "成功建立顺序表\n\n"; 98 else 99 cout << "顺序表建立失败\n\n"; 100 break; 101 case 2: { 102 i = 0; 103 L.elem = new Book[MAXSIZE]; 104 if (!L.elem) 105 exit(OVERFLOW); 106 L.length = 0; 107 fstream file; 108 file.open("book.txt"); 109 if (!file) { 110 cout << "错误！未找到文件！" << endl; 111 exit(ERROR); 112 } 113 file >> head_1 >> head_2 >> head_3; 114 while (!file.eof()) { 115 file >> L.elem[i].id >> L.elem[i].name >> L.elem[i].price; 116 i++; 117 } 118 cout << "输入 book.txt 信息完毕\n\n"; 119 L.length = i; 120 file.close(); 121 } 122 break; 123 case 3: 124 cout << "请输入一个位置用来取值：\n"; 125 cin >> i; 126 temp = GetElem(L, i, e); 127 if (temp != 0) { 128 cout << "查找成功\n"; 129 cout << "第" << i << "本图书的信息是：\n"; 130 cout << left << setw(15) << e.id << "\t" << left << setw(50) 131 << e.name << "\t" << left << setw(5) << e.price << endl 132 << endl; 133 } else 134 cout << "查找失败！位置超出范围\n\n"; 135 break; 136 case 4: 137 cout << "请输入所要查找价格:"; 138 cin >> price; 139 temp = LocateElem_Sq(L, price); 140 if (temp != 0) { 141 cout << "查找成功\n"; 142 cout << "该价格对应的书名为：" << L.elem[temp - 1].name << endl << endl; 143 } else 144 cout << "查找失败！没有这个价格对应的书籍\n\n"; 145 break; 146 case 5: 147 cout << "请输入插入的位置和书本信息，包括：编号 书名 价格（用空格隔开）:"; 148 cin >> a; 149 cin >> e.id >> e.name >> e.price; 150 if (ListInsert_Sq(L, a, e)) 151 cout << "插入成功.\n\n"; 152 else 153 cout << "插入失败.\n\n"; 154 break; 155 case 6: 156 cout << "请输入所要删除的书籍的位置:"; 157 cin >> c; 158 if (ListDelete_Sq(L, c)) 159 cout << "删除成功.\n\n"; 160 else 161 cout << "删除失败.\n\n"; 162 break; 163 case 7: 164 cout << "当前图书系统信息（顺序表）读出:\n"; 165 for (i = 0; i < L.length; i++) 166 cout << left << setw(15) << L.elem[i].id << "\t" << left 167 << setw(50) << L.elem[i].name << "\t" << left 168 << setw(5) << L.elem[i].price << endl; 169 cout << endl; 170 break; 171 } 172 } 173 return 0; 174 }
测试结果：
单链表:
代码如下:
1 #include<iostream> 2 #include<string> 3 #include<iomanip> 4 #include<fstream> 5 using namespace std; 6 #define OK 1 7 #define ERROR 0 8 #define OVERFLOW -2 9 typedef int Status; 10 11 struct Book 12 { 13 string id; 14 string name; 15 double price; 16 }; 17 typedef Book ElemType; 18 typedef struct LNode 19 { 20 ElemType data; 21 struct LNode *next; 22 } LNode, *LinkList; 23 24 Status InitList_L(LinkList &L) 25 { 26 L=new LNode; 27 L->next=NULL; 28 return OK; 29 } 30 31 Status GetElem_L(LinkList L, int i, Book &e) 32 { 33 int j; 34 LinkList p; 35 p=L->next; 36 j=1; 37 while (j<i && p) 38 { 39 p=p->next; 40 ++j; 41 } 42 if(!p|| j>i) 43 return ERROR; 44 e=p->data; 45 return OK; 46 } 47 48 LNode *LocateElem_L(LinkList L, int e) 49 { 50 LinkList p; 51 p = L->next; 52 while(p&&p->data.price!=e) 53 p=p->next; 54 return p; 55 } 56 57 Status ListInsert_L(LinkList &L, int i, Book &e) { 58 int j; 59 LinkList p, s; 60 p = L; 61 j = 0; 62 while(p&&(j<i-1)) 63 { 64 p=p->next; 65 ++j; 66 } 67 if (!p||(j>i-1)) 68 return ERROR; 69 s = new LNode; 70 s->data=e; 71 s->next=p->next; 72 p->next=s; 73 return OK; 74 } 75 76 Status ListDelete_L(LinkList &L, int i) 77 { 78 LinkList p, q; 79 int j; 80 p = L; 81 j = 0; 82 while((p->next)&&(j < i - 1)) 83 { 84 p=p->next; 85 ++j; 86 } 87 if (!(p->next)||(j>i-1)) 88 return ERROR; 89 q=p->next; 90 p->next=q->next; 91 delete q; 92 return OK; 93 } 94 95 96 97 int main() { 98 int a,n,choose; 99 double price; 100 Book e; 101 LinkList L,p; 102 string head_1, head_2, head_3; 103 cout<<"1. 建立\n"; 104 cout<<"2. 输入\n"; 105 cout<<"3. 取值\n"; 106 cout<<"4. 查找\n"; 107 cout<<"5. 插入\n"; 108 cout<<"6. 删除\n"; 109 cout<<"7. 输出\n"; 110 cout<<"0. 退出\n\n"; 111 112 choose = -1; 113 while (choose != 0) 114 { 115 cout<<"请选择:"; 116 cin >>choose; 117 switch (choose) 118 { 119 case 1: 120 if (InitList_L(L)) 121 cout<<"成功建立链表!\n\n"; 122 break; 123 case 2: 124 { 125 L = new LNode; 126 L->next = NULL; 127 int length = 0; 128 fstream file; 129 file.open("book.txt"); 130 if (!file) 131 { 132 cout << "未找到相关文件，无法打开！" << endl; 133 exit(ERROR); 134 } 135 file >> head_1 >> head_2 >> head_3; 136 while (!file.eof()) 137 { 138 p = new LNode; 139 file >> p->data.id >> p->data.name >> p->data.price; 140 p->next = L->next; 141 L->next = p; 142 length++; 143 } 144 file.close(); 145 } 146 break; 147 case 3: 148 cout<<"请输入一个位置用来查找:"; 149 cin >>a; 150 if(GetElem_L(L,a,e)) 151 { 152 cout<<"查找成功\n"; 153 cout<<"第"<<a<<"本图书的信息是:\n"; 154 cout<<left << setw (15) <<e.id<<"\t"<<left<<setw (50) 155 <<e.name<<"\t"<<left<<setw (5)<<e.price<<endl 156 <<endl; 157 } 158 else 159 cout<<"查找失败\n\n"; 160 break; 161 case 4: 162 cout<<"请输入所要查找的价格:"; 163 cin >> price; 164 if (LocateElem_L(L, price)!=NULL) 165 { 166 cout<<"查找成功\n"; 167 cout<<"该价格对应的书名:"<<LocateElem_L(L, price)->data.name 168 << endl << endl; 169 } 170 else 171 cout<<"查找失败！定价"<<price<<" 没有找到\n\n"; 172 break; 173 case 5: 174 cout<<"请输入插入的位置和书的信息，包括：编号 书名 价格（用空格隔开）："; 175 cin >>a; 176 cin >>e.id>>e.name>>e.price; 177 if (ListInsert_L(L,a,e)) 178 cout<<"插入成功.\n\n"; 179 else 180 cout<<"插入失败!\n\n"; 181 break; 182 case 6: 183 cout<<"请输入所要删除的书籍位置:"; 184 cin >>a; 185 if (ListDelete_L(L, a)) 186 cout<<"删除成功!\n\n"; 187 else 188 cout<<"删除失败!\n\n"; 189 break; 190 case 7: 191 cout << "当前图书系统信息(链表)读出:\n"; 192 p=L->next; 193 while(p) 194 { 195 cout<<left<<setw(15)<<p->data.id<<"\t"<<left<<setw( 196 50)<<p->data.name<<"\t"<<left<<setw(5) 197 <<p->data.price<<endl; 198 p=p->next; 199 } 200 cout<<endl; 201 break; 202 } 203 } 204 return 0; 205 }
测试结果：
当然啦，只有这些代码是不能运行的，得把book.txt文件与这个代码所存储的文件放到一个文件夹，然后运行
代码就OK啦！
book.txt
ISBN 书名 定价
9787302257646 程序设计基础 25
9787302219972 单片机技术及应用 32
9787302203513 编译原理 46
9787811234923 汇编语言程序设计教程 21
9787512100831 计算机操作系统 17
9787302265436 计算机导论实验指导 18
9787302180630 实用数据结构 29
9787302225065 数据结构（C语言版） 38
9787302171676 C#面向对象程序设计 39
9787302250692 C语言程序设计 42
9787302150664 数据库原理 35
9787302260806 Java编程与实践 56
9787302252887 Java程序设计与应用教程 39
9787302198505 嵌入式操作系统及编程 25
9787302169666 软件测试 24
9787811231557 Eclipse基础与应用 35
把上面的那个类似表格的东西复制到记事本里，然后把记事本重命名为book.txt就ok啦
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/Trojan00/p/8859038.html