Original URL: https://www.guru99.com/selenium-with-htmlunit-driver-phantomjs.html
Selenium Web driver is a web automation tool which enables you to run the tests against different browsers. These browsers can be Internet Explorer, Firefox or Chrome. To use a particular browser with Selenium you need corresponding driver.
At test run, Selenium launches the corresponding browser called in script and executes test steps. You can see the browser and the test execution in action.
A headless browser is a web-browser without a graphical user interface. This program will behave just like a browser but will not show any GUI.
Some of the examples of Headless Drivers include
In this tutorial we will focus on HtmlUnit and PhatomJS
HTML UnitDriver is the most light weight and fastest implementation headless browser for of WebDriver. It is based on HtmlUnit. It is known as Headless Browser Driver. It is same as Chrome, IE, or FireFox driver, but it does not have GUI so one cannot see the test execution on screen.
Features of HTML unit driver
Step 1) In Eclipse, copy the following code. Add the standard selenium library files to the project. No additional jar files are required.
package htmldriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver;
public class htmlUnitYest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating a new instance of the HTML unit driver
WebDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver();
// Navigate to Google
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
// Locate the searchbox using its name
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
// Enter a search query
element.sendKeys("Guru99");
// Submit the query. Webdriver searches for the form using the text input element automatically
// No need to locate/find the submit button
element.submit();
// This code will print the page title
System.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());
driver.quit();
}
}
Step 2) Run the code. You will observer no browser is launched and results are shown in console.
Limitations:
PhantomJS is a headless browser with JavaScript API. It is an optimal solution for Headless Website Testing, access and manipulate webpages & comes with the standard DOM API.
In order to use PhantomJS with Seleniun, one has to use GhostDriver. GhostDriver is a implementation of Webdriver Wire protocol in simple JS for PhantomJS.
The latest release of PhatomJS has integrated GhostDriver and there is no need to separately install it.
Here is how the system works-
Step 1) You need Eclipse with Selenium installed
Step 2) Download PhantomJS here
Step 3) Extract the downloaded folder to Program Files
Step 4) Download the PhantomJS Driver from here. Add the jar to your project
Step 5) Paste the following code in eclipse
package htmldriver;
import java.io.File;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.phantomjs.PhantomJSDriver;
public class phantom {
public static void main(String[] args) {
File file = new File("C:/Program Files/phantomjs-2.0.0-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe");
System.setProperty("phantomjs.binary.path", file.getAbsolutePath());
WebDriver driver = new PhantomJSDriver();
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
element.sendKeys("Guru99");
element.submit();
System.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());
driver.quit();
}
}
Step 6) Run the code. You will observe the output is shown in console and no browser is launched.
NOTE: At first run, based on your settings, you may get security warning from Windows to allow to run PhantomJS. Click on Allow Access.
Many organization uses Phantom.JS for various purpose, for example,
Summary
To test application rapidly in various browsers and without any visual interruption, headless browserTesting is used. Due to its speed, accuracy and easy to access features, HTML unit driver and PhantomJS are gaining popularity for headless browser testing. By following some simple steps you get to know how easily these tools can be integrated with other tools and can execute the test code.
[Selenium+Java] Selenium with HTMLUnit Driver & PhantomJS
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/alicegu2009/p/9098667.html