实际项目中用python脚本实现接口测试的步骤：
1 发送请求，获取响应 》》2 提取响应里的数据，对数据进行必要的处理 》》3 断言响应数据是否与预期一致
以豆瓣接口为例，做一个简单的接口测试吧。使用到的知识涉及requests库，json库。
1 发送请求，获取响应
#coding:utf-8 ‘‘‘ dinghanhua 2018-11-10 接口返回数据为json类型，提取数据实例 ‘‘‘ import requests import json q = ‘python‘ count = 3 url = ‘https://api.douban.com/v2/book/search?q={0}&count={1}‘.format(q,count) request = requests.get(url) #请求并获取响应
2 json解析响应数据
jsonstr = json.loads(request.text) #json解析响应文本 ‘‘‘解析后的数据格式‘‘‘ print(‘响应解析后的类型：‘,type(jsonstr)) #dict print(‘响应解析后的键值对个数：‘,len(jsonstr)) #字典键值对个数 for key in jsonstr: #打印出所有的keys print(key ,end=‘ ‘)
3 提取数据及数据处理
‘‘‘取json串里的值‘‘‘ books = jsonstr[‘books‘] #取books对应的值 # print(type(books)) #list 数组 print(‘books共有%d本书‘%len(books)) #数组元素个数 for book in books: #编辑books取每本书的信息 # print(type(book)) # book的类型 # for key in book: # book的keys # print(key) ‘‘‘取出所需的字段‘‘‘ index = books.index(book) #索引 NO = str(index+1) #第几本书 average= book[‘rating‘][‘average‘] author = book[‘author‘] #author是数组,可能有多个作者 authors = ‘‘ for au in author: authors += au pubdate = book[‘pubdate‘] title = book[‘title‘] author_intro = book[‘author_intro‘] summary = book[‘summary‘] price = book[‘price‘] ‘‘‘格式化输出‘‘‘ print(‘NO.{NO}\n书名：{title}\n出版日期：{pubdate}\n平均分：{average}\n定价：{price}\n‘ ‘作者：{author}\n{author_intro}\n内容简介：{summary}‘.format(title = title, NO = NO, pubdate = pubdate, author = authors, author_intro = author_intro, average = average, price = price, summary = summary))
4 断言
‘‘‘断言‘‘‘ expectedtitle = [‘Python编程：从入门到实践‘,‘利用Python进行数据分析‘,‘Python网络数据采集‘] #预期结果 if title == expectedtitle[index]: print(‘test pass‘) else: print(‘test fail. The expected title is %s,but the actual title is: %s.‘%(expectedtitle[index],title))
好了，简单的接口测试脚本完成。完整代码：
#coding:utf-8 ‘‘‘ dinghanhua 2018-11-10 接口返回数据为json类型，提取数据实例 ‘‘‘ import requests import json q = ‘python‘ count = 3 url = ‘https://api.douban.com/v2/book/search?q={0}&count={1}‘.format(q,count) request = requests.get(url) #请求并获取响应 jsonstr = json.loads(request.text) #json解析响应文本 ‘‘‘解析后的数据格式‘‘‘ print(‘响应解析后的类型：‘,type(jsonstr)) #dict print(‘响应解析后的键值对个数：‘,len(jsonstr)) #字典键值对个数 for key in jsonstr: #打印出所有的keys print(key ,end=‘ ‘) ‘‘‘取json串里的值‘‘‘ books = jsonstr[‘books‘] #取books对应的值 # print(type(books)) #list 数组 print(‘books共有%d本书‘%len(books)) #数组元素个数 for book in books: #编辑books取每本书的信息 # print(type(book)) # book的类型 # for key in book: # book的keys # print(key) ‘‘‘取出所需的字段‘‘‘ index = books.index(book) #索引 NO = str(index+1) #第几本书 average= book[‘rating‘][‘average‘] author = book[‘author‘] #author是数组,可能有多个作者 authors = ‘‘ for au in author: authors += au pubdate = book[‘pubdate‘] title = book[‘title‘] author_intro = book[‘author_intro‘] summary = book[‘summary‘] price = book[‘price‘] ‘‘‘格式化输出‘‘‘ print(‘NO.{NO}\n书名：{title}\n出版日期：{pubdate}\n平均分：{average}\n定价：{price}\n‘ ‘作者：{author}\n{author_intro}\n内容简介：{summary}‘.format(title = title, NO = NO, pubdate = pubdate, author = authors, author_intro = author_intro, average = average, price = price, summary = summary)) ‘‘‘断言‘‘‘ expectedtitle = [‘Python编程：从入门到实践‘,‘利用Python进行数据分析‘,‘Python网络数据采集1‘] #预期结果 if title == expectedtitle[index]: print(‘test pass‘) else: print(‘test fail. The expected title is %s,but the actual title is: %s.‘%(expectedtitle[index],title))
the end！
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/dinghanhua/p/9940327.html