file types:
- plaintext files, such as .txt .py
- *Binary files*, such as .docx, .pdf, iamges, spreadsheets, and executable programs(.exe)
steps to read/write files
1. call the =open()= function to return a =File object=
2. Call the =read()= or =write()= method on the File object
3. Close the file by calling the =close()= method on the File object
To open the file in ‘reading plaintext‘ mode (read mode):
>>> helloFile=open(‘/user/kaiming/Python/hello.txt‘)
>>> helloFile=open(‘/user/kaiming/Python/hello.txt‘, ‘r‘)
where ‘r‘ stands for =read mode=
the call to =open()= returns a =File object=, and assigned to the variable =helloFile=
To get a list of string values from the file, one string for each line of text, use
=readline()= function
*Writing to files*
>>> open (‘hello.txt‘, ‘w‘) # write mode
>>> open (‘hello.txt‘, ‘a‘) # append mode
Note:
1. when a file is opened in read mode, Python lets you only read data from
the file; you can‘t write or modify it in any way.
2. if the filename passed to =open()= does not exist, both
write and append mode will create a new, blank file
*************
#+BEGIN_SRC Python
>>> baconFile = open(‘bacon.txt‘, ‘w‘) # create a blank file named ‘bacon.txt‘
>>> baconFile.write(‘Hello world!\n‘)
13
>>> baconFile.close()
>>> baconFile = open(‘bacon.txt‘, ‘a‘)
>>> baconFile.write(‘Bacon is not a vegetable.‘)
25
>>> baconFile.close()
>>> baconFile = open(‘bacon.txt‘)
>>> content = baconFile.read()
>>> baconFile.close()
>>> print(content)
Hello world!
Bacon is not a vegetable.
#+END_SRC
*************
reading/writing files in Python
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/code-saturne/p/10393123.html