APIView和View的区别
APIView 是对 View 的封装
GenericAPIView 是对 APIView 的封装
xxxMixin 是对处理的各种请求方法的封装
from rest_framework.views import APIView from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet from rest_framework.response import Response from .serializers import BookSerializer class GenericAPIView(APIView): query_set = None serializer_class = None def get_queryset(self): return self.query_set def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs): return self.serializer_class(*args, **kwargs) class ListModelMixin(object): def list(self, request): queryset = self.get_queryset() ret = self.get_serializer(queryset, many=True) return Response(ret.data) class CreateModelMixin(object): def create(self, request): serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save() return Response(serializer.data) else: return Response(serializer.errors) class RetrieveModelMixin(object): def retrieve(self, request, id): book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first() ret = self.get_serializer(book_obj) return Response(ret.data) class UpdateModelMixin(object): def update(self, request, id): book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first() serializer = self.get_serializer(book_obj, data=request.data, partial=True) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save() return Response(serializer.data) else: return Response(serializer.errors) class DestroyModelMixin(object): def destroy(self, request, id): book_obj = self.get_queryset().filter(id=id).first() book_obj.delete() return Response("") class ListCreateAPIView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin): pass class RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin): pass # class BookView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin): class BookView(ListCreateAPIView): query_set = Book.objects.all() # 操作的表的对象 serializer_class = BookSerializer # 序列化的类 def get(self, request): # book_obj = Book.objects.first() # ret = BookSerializer(book_obj) # book_list = Book.objects.all() # book_list = self.get_queryset() # ret = self.get_serializer(book_list, many=True) # return Response(ret.data) return self.list(request) def post(self, request): # print(request.data) # serializer = BookSerializer(data=request.data) # if serializer.is_valid(): # serializer.save() # return Response(serializer.data) # else: # return Response(serializer.errors) return self.create(request) # class BookEditView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin): class BookEditView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): query_set = Book.objects.all() serializer_class = BookSerializer def get(self, request, id): # book_obj = Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() # ret = BookSerializer(book_obj) # return Response(ret.data) return self.retrieve(request, id) def put(self, request, id): # book_obj = Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() # serializer = BookSerializer(book_obj, data=request.data, partial=True) # if serializer.is_valid(): # serializer.save() # return Response(serializer.data) # else: # return Response(serializer.errors) return self.update(request, id) def delete(self, request, id): # book_obj = Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() # book_obj.delete() # return Response("") return self.destroy(request, id)
class ListCreateAPIView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin): pass class RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView(GenericAPIView, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin): pass class BookView(ListCreateAPIView): pass class BookEditView(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): pass
因为是按照请求的方式不同反回的结果，所有第二次有两个视图函数
现在指定一个视图函数
# 视图类传参，不同的请求对应不同的方法 path(‘list‘, BookModelViewSet.as_view({"get": "list", "post": "create"})), path(‘retrieve/<int:pk>‘, BookModelViewSet.as_view({"get": "retrieve", "put": "update", "delete": "destroy"})),
# class ViewSetMixin(object): # def as_view(self): # """ # 按照我们参数指定的去匹配 对应的方法 # get-->list # :return: 不用我们去写，框架有 # """
ViewSetMixin 请求分发方法的原理，将不同的请求设置为不同的方法
from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSetMixin class ModelViewSet(ViewSetMixin, GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin): pass # from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet # 框架内部已经实现了的，可以直接导入 # class BookModelViewSet(ModelViewSet):
query_set = Book.objects.all() 自己封装的query_set
# queryset = Book.objects.all() # 框架的是queryset
serializer_class = BookSerializer
from rest_framework import views # APIView
from rest_framework import generics # GenericAPIView, 组合类
from rest_framework import mixins #混合继承类
from rest_framework import viewsets # ViewSetMixin 分发请求的类
用框架的时
路由为
path(‘retrieve/<int:pk>‘, BookModelViewSet.as_view({"get": "retrieve", "put": "update", "delete": "destroy"})),
前面自己定义的是id,用框架时注意修改过来
path(‘retrieve/<int:id>‘, BookModelViewSet.as_view({"get": "retrieve", "put": "update", "delete": "destroy"})),
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/wenyule/p/10434256.html
