# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from moviePro.items import MovieproItem

class MovieSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = ‘movie‘
    allowed_domains = [‘www.id97.com‘]
    start_urls = [‘http://www.id97.com/‘]

    def parse(self, response):
        div_list = response.xpath(‘//div[@class="col-xs-1-5 movie-item"]‘)

        for div in div_list:
            item = MovieproItem()
            item[‘name‘] = div.xpath(‘.//h1/a/text()‘).extract_first()
            item[‘score‘] = div.xpath(‘.//h1/em/text()‘).extract_first()
            #xpath(string(.))表示提取当前节点下所有子节点中的数据值（.）表示当前节点
            item[‘kind‘] = div.xpath(‘.//div[@class="otherinfo"]‘).xpath(‘string(.)‘).extract_first()
            item[‘detail_url‘] = div.xpath(‘./div/a/@href‘).extract_first()
            #请求二级详情页面，解析二级页面中的相应内容,通过meta参数进行Request的数据传递
            yield scrapy.Request(url=item[‘detail_url‘],callback=self.parse_detail,meta={‘item‘:item})

    def parse_detail(self,response):
        #通过response获取item
        item = response.meta[‘item‘]
        item[‘actor‘] = response.xpath(‘//div[@class="row"]//table/tr[1]/a/text()‘).extract_first()
        item[‘time‘] = response.xpath(‘//div[@class="row"]//table/tr[7]/td[2]/text()‘).extract_first()
        item[‘long‘] = response.xpath(‘//div[@class="row"]//table/tr[8]/td[2]/text()‘).extract_first()
        #提交item到管道
        yield item

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class MovieproItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    name = scrapy.Field()
    score = scrapy.Field()
    time = scrapy.Field()
    long = scrapy.Field()
    actor = scrapy.Field()
    kind = scrapy.Field()
    detail_url = scrapy.Field()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don‘t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

import json
class MovieproPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.fp = open(‘data.txt‘,‘w‘)
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        dic = dict(item)
        print(dic)
        json.dump(dic,self.fp,ensure_ascii=False)
        return item
    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.fp.close()

增加并发：
    默认scrapy开启的并发线程为32个，可以适当进行增加。在settings配置文件中修改CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 100值为100,并发设置成了为100。

降低日志级别：
    在运行scrapy时，会有大量日志信息的输出，为了减少CPU的使用率。可以设置log输出信息为INFO或者ERROR即可。在配置文件中编写：LOG_LEVEL = ‘INFO’

禁止cookie：
    如果不是真的需要cookie，则在scrapy爬取数据时可以进制cookie从而减少CPU的使用率，提升爬取效率。在配置文件中编写：COOKIES_ENABLED = False

禁止重试：
    对失败的HTTP进行重新请求（重试）会减慢爬取速度，因此可以禁止重试。在配置文件中编写：RETRY_ENABLED = False

减少下载超时：
    如果对一个非常慢的链接进行爬取，减少下载超时可以能让卡住的链接快速被放弃，从而提升效率。在配置文件中进行编写：DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT = 10 超时时间为10s

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from xiaohua.items import XiaohuaItem

class XiahuaSpider(scrapy.Spider):

    name = ‘xiaohua‘
    allowed_domains = [‘www.521609.com‘]
    start_urls = [‘http://www.521609.com/daxuemeinv/‘]

    pageNum = 1
    url = ‘http://www.521609.com/daxuemeinv/list8%d.html‘

    def parse(self, response):
        li_list = response.xpath(‘//div[@class="index_img list_center"]/ul/li‘)
        for li in li_list:
            school = li.xpath(‘./a/img/@alt‘).extract_first()
            img_url = li.xpath(‘./a/img/@src‘).extract_first()

            item = XiaohuaItem()
            item[‘school‘] = school
            item[‘img_url‘] = ‘http://www.521609.com‘ + img_url

            yield item

        if self.pageNum < 10:
            self.pageNum += 1
            url = format(self.url % self.pageNum)
            #print(url)
            yield scrapy.Request(url=url,callback=self.parse)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class XiaohuaItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    school=scrapy.Field()
    img_url=scrapy.Field()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don‘t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

import json
import os
import urllib.request
class XiaohuaPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.fp = None

    def open_spider(self,spider):
        print(‘开始爬虫‘)
        self.fp = open(‘./xiaohua.txt‘,‘w‘)

    def download_img(self,item):
        url = item[‘img_url‘]
        fileName = item[‘school‘]+‘.jpg‘
        if not os.path.exists(‘./xiaohualib‘):
            os.mkdir(‘./xiaohualib‘)
        filepath = os.path.join(‘./xiaohualib‘,fileName)
        urllib.request.urlretrieve(url,filepath)
        print(fileName+"下载成功")

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        obj = dict(item)
        json_str = json.dumps(obj,ensure_ascii=False)
        self.fp.write(json_str+‘\n‘)

        #下载图片
        self.download_img(item)
        return item

    def close_spider(self,spider):
        print(‘结束爬虫‘)
        self.fp.close()