学习体验centos7 下根目录扩容操作（步骤详细！！！）

时间：2019-03-16 18:12:51 阅读：146 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

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[root@testandy ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00020dcb

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 67545087 33566720 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 67545088 84322303 8388608 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 84322304 88516607 2097152 5 Extended

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-home: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-var: 30.1 GB, 30064771072 bytes, 58720256 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-00: 4 MB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@testandy ~]#
[root@testandy ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): help
h: unknown command
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition‘s system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 5
First sector (84324352-88516607, default 84324352):
Using default value 84324352
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (84324352-88516607, default 88516607): +2G
Value out of range.
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (84324352-88516607, default 88516607): +1G
Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set

Command (m for help): P

Command (m for help): p

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Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-5, default 5):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition ‘Linux‘ to ‘Linux LVM‘

Command (m for help): p

Command (m for help):
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@testandy ~]#

文章目录
需求描述
具体步骤
查看本机磁盘环境
添加磁盘分区
开始扩容
同步到文件系统
参考内容
需求描述
由于测试环境需要，虚拟机根目录需要扩容至120G。

具体步骤
查看本机磁盘环境
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统容量已用可用已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root 35G 5.5G 30G 16% /
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 11M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 275M 740M 28% /boot
tmpfs 783M 52K 783M 1% /run/user/0
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
fd0 2:0 1 4K 0 disk
sda 8:0 0 500G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 39G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 35G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
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可以看到根目录总容量为35G, 设备sda 的总容量为500G。

添加磁盘分区
需要120G 容量，已有35G, 还需添加85G 容量。

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。

更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
分区号 (3,4，默认 3)：
起始扇区 (83886080-1048575999，默认为 83886080)：
将使用默认值 83886080
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (83886080-1048575999，默认为 1048575999)：+85G
分区 3 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 85 GiB

命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
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然后查看分区是否创建：

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
fd0 2:0 1 4K 0 disk
sda 8:0 0 500G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 39G 0 part
│ ├─centos-root 253:0 0 35G 0 lvm /
│ └─centos-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─sda3 8:3 0 85G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
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可以看到sda2 分区已创建。

开始扩容
创建物理卷：

[root@localhost ~]# lvm
lvm> pvcreate /dev/sda3
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.

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查看物理卷和卷组：

lvm> pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <39.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 9983
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 9983
PV UUID twmUZh-Vnqq-W5Pd-v3ms-6OkH-sSTs-nv8aA8

"/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "85.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda3
VG Name
PV Size 85.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID vTD91f-b28E-GgL0-XsqI-ipQ5-rscT-GcQbT6

lvm> vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <39.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 9983
Alloc PE / Size 9983 / <39.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID 238Yz8-MEQa-NT6a-3aHC-J3TZ-mGux-e9vqPf
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将物理卷加入到卷组：

lvm> vgextend centos /dev/sda3
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
lvm> vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 123.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 31742
Alloc PE / Size 9983 / <39.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 21759 / <85.00 GiB
VG UUID 238Yz8-MEQa-NT6a-3aHC-J3TZ-mGux-e9vqPf

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可以看到卷组的Free size 增加了

将卷组剩余空间(刚添加的85G)添加到逻辑卷/dev/centos/root :

lvm> lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <35.00 GiB (8959 extents) to 119.99 GiB (30718 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
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同步到文件系统
之前只是对逻辑卷扩容，还要同步到文件系统，实现对根目录的扩容。

[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=2293504 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=9174016, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=4479, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 9174016 to 31455232
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然后再查看挂载情况：

[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统容量已用可用已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root 120G 5.5G 115G 5% /
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 11M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 275M 740M 28% /boot
tmpfs 783M 52K 783M 1% /run/user/0
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可以发现有120G的空间挂载在根目录上。

over !!!
---------------------
作者：苗尼玛乔
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_24871519/article/details/86243571
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！

学习体验centos7 下根目录扩容操作（步骤详细！！！）

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/linuxandy/p/10543403.html

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