推荐博客:模拟退火总结(模拟退火)by FlashHu。模拟退火的原理,差不多就是不断地由现有的值不断地试探,不断地转到更优的值,并在一定概率下转到较差的值。
题目转述:平面上有n个点,每个点有自己的位置\(xi\),\(yi\)和权值\(wi\)。求一个新点的位置\(x\),\(y\),使得该点到其余所有点距离与权值之积的和最小。也即\(\sum\limits_{i=1}^n sqrt((x-x[i])^2+(y-y[i])^2)*w[i]\)最小。也即原题中各方块的重力势能最小。
题目分析:对\(x\),\(y\)进行模拟退火。题目中用了\(long\ double\),因为\(double\)总是会锅。另外注意\(RAND\_MAX\)的用法。
AC代码:
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
typedef long long ll;
const int maxn = 1000;
const long double D = 0.98;
const long double eps = 1e-14;
using namespace std;
long double x[maxn+10], y[maxn+10], w[maxn+10];
int n;
long double calc(long double xx, long double yy)
{
long double res=0, dx, dy;
for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
{
dx = x[i]-xx, dy = y[i]-yy;
res += sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy)*w[i];
}
return res;
}
int main()
{
scanf("%d", &n);
long double bx=0, by=0;
for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
{
scanf("%Lf%Lf%Lf", x+i, y+i, w+i);
bx += x[i]; by += y[i];
}
bx /= n; by /= n;
long double best = calc(bx, by);
srand(time(NULL));
int times = 1;
while(times--)
{
long double ans = best;
long double x0 = bx, y0 = by;
for(long double T=50000; T>eps; T*=D)
{
long double x1 = x0 + T*(rand()*2-RAND_MAX);
long double y1 = y0 + T*(rand()*2-RAND_MAX);
long double res = calc(x1, y1);
if(best>res)
best=res,bx=x1,by=y1;
if(ans>res||exp((ans-res)/T)>(long double)rand()/RAND_MAX)
ans=res,x0=x1,y0=y1;
}
}
printf("%.3Lf %.3Lf\n", bx, by);
return 0;
}
luogu1337 [JSOI2004]平衡点 / 吊打XXX(模拟退火)
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/acboyty/p/10630707.html