开始今日份整理
略
使用django自带的sqlite3的小型文件型的数据库
注:使用sqlite3类型的数据库需要下载驱动
在app01.models创建类
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Book(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=32) price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2) pub_date = models.DateField() publish = models.ForeignKey(‘Publish‘, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True) # modeles.CASCADE设置串行,由于和出版社关联,在删除出版社的只会删除外键,不会删除对象,只有在null # 为True才可以删除。 staes = models.IntegerField(choices=[(1,‘已出版‘),(2,‘未出版‘)],default=1) author = models.ManyToManyField(‘Author‘) # 一对多关系 def __str__(self): return self.title class Publish(models.Model): # 出版社类 name = models.CharField(max_length=32) city = models.CharField(max_length=32) email = models.EmailField() def __str__(self): return self.name class Author(models.Model): # 作者类 name = models.CharField(max_length=32) age = models.IntegerField() au_detail = models.OneToOneField(‘Author_detail‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE,null=True) def __str__(self): return self.name class Author_detail(models.Model): # 作者详情类 tel = models.CharField(max_length=32) address = models.CharField(max_length=64)
使用manage.py文件创建数据表并写入到数据库中,同时创建超级用户
makemigrations:将库写入到内存中
migrate:将内存中的数据写入到数据库中
createsuperuser:创建超级用户,用于登陆admin页面
从app01.models中引入项目各个类
在下面输入要创建的页面
admin.site.register(Book,BookConfig)
admin.site.register(Publish,PublishConfig)
admin.site.register(Author,AuthorConfig)
admin.site.register(Author_detail)
启动项目,在网页中打开,展示如下
输入用户名密码,进入到展示页面
在页面上分别添加出版社,作者以及书籍
自定义展示列表
#创建一个自定义类 class BookConfig(admin.ModelAdmin): #用于展示多对多关系,展示书籍作者 def show_authors(self,obj): print("obj",obj) return ‘|‘.join([obj.name for obj in obj.author.all()]) # 用于展示 list_display = [‘title‘,‘price‘,‘pub_date‘,‘publish‘,‘show_authors‘,‘staes‘] #在book相关admin中添加自定义类,BookConfig为新增 admin.site.register(Book,BookConfig)
上面的list_display为内置用法,用于显示,最后展示如下
批量操作为action操作
在上面的BookConfig中写入
#action操作 # 价格初始化 def patch_init(self,request,queryset): print(‘queryset‘,queryset) queryset.update(price=0) patch_init.short_description = ‘价格初始化‘#设置多选服务 # 出版状态初始化 def states_status(self,request,queryset): queryset.update(staes=2) states_status.short_description =‘出版状态初始化‘ # 多选服务 actions = [patch_init,states_status] #其中.short_description以及actions为内置应用
展示如下
在上面的BookConfig类中写入
#多重过滤 list_filter = [‘publish‘,‘author‘] #对出版社以及作者做过滤
展示如下
在上面的BookConfig类中写入
# 排序 ordering = [‘price‘,‘-id‘] #可以用俩个参数进行排序,默认是升序,加-号变为逆反
# 模糊查询 search_fields = [‘title‘,‘price‘] #如果title以及价格中都有特定的参数那么都显示
展示如下
admin整体代码
from django.contrib import admin # Register your models here. from app01.models import Book,Publish,Author,Author_detail class BookConfig(admin.ModelAdmin): def show_authors(self,obj): print("obj",obj) return ‘|‘.join([obj.name for obj in obj.author.all()]) # 用于展示 list_display = [‘title‘,‘price‘,‘pub_date‘,‘publish‘,‘show_authors‘,‘staes‘] # 用于设置连接的内容 list_display_links = [‘title‘,‘price‘] #action操作 # 价格初始化 def patch_init(self,request,queryset): print(‘queryset‘,queryset) queryset.update(price=0) patch_init.short_description = ‘价格初始化‘#设置多选服务 # 出版状态初始化 def states_status(self,request,queryset): queryset.update(staes=2) states_status.short_description =‘出版状态初始化‘ # 多选服务 actions = [patch_init,states_status] #多重过滤 list_filter = [‘publish‘,‘author‘] # 排序 ordering = [‘price‘,‘-id‘] # 模糊查询 search_fields = [‘title‘,‘price‘] class PublishConfig(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = [‘name‘,‘city‘,‘email‘] class AuthorConfig(admin.ModelAdmin): def show_tel(self,obj): print(‘obj‘,obj) return obj.au_detail.tel def show_address(self,obj): print(‘obj‘,obj) return obj.au_detail.address list_display = [‘name‘,‘age‘,‘show_tel‘,‘show_address‘] admin.site.register(Book,BookConfig) admin.site.register(Publish,PublishConfig) admin.site.register(Author,AuthorConfig) admin.site.register(Author_detail)
1.9.1 list_display,列表时,定制显示的列。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘, ‘xxxxx‘) def xxxxx(self, obj): return "xxxxx"
1.9.2 list_display_links,列表时,定制列可以点击跳转。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘, ‘xxxxx‘) list_display_links = (‘pwd‘,)
1.9.4 list_select_related,列表时,连表查询是否自动select_related
1.9.5 list_editable,列表时,可以编辑的列
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘,‘ug‘,) list_editable = (‘ug‘,)
1.9.6 search_fields,列表时,模糊搜索的功能
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): search_fields = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘)
1.9.7 date_hierarchy,列表时,对Date和DateTime类型进行搜索
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): date_hierarchy = ‘ctime‘
class UserInfoInline(admin.StackedInline): # TabularInline extra = 0 model = models.UserInfo class GroupAdminMode(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = (‘id‘, ‘title‘,) inlines = [UserInfoInline, ]
1.9.9 action,列表时,定制action中的操作
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): # 定制Action行为具体方法 def func(self, request, queryset): print(self, request, queryset) print(request.POST.getlist(‘_selected_action‘)) func.short_description = "中文显示自定义Actions" actions = [func, ] # Action选项都是在页面上方显示 actions_on_top = True # Action选项都是在页面下方显示 actions_on_bottom = False # 是否显示选择个数 actions_selection_counter = True
1.9.10 定制HTML模板
add_form_template = None change_form_template = None change_list_template = None delete_confirmation_template = None delete_selected_confirmation_template = None object_history_template = None
1.9.11 raw_id_fields,详细页面,针对FK和M2M字段变成以Input框形式
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): raw_id_fields = (‘FK字段‘, ‘M2M字段‘,)
1.9.12 fields,详细页面时,显示字段的字段
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): fields = (‘user‘,)
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): exclude = (‘user‘,)
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): readonly_fields = (‘user‘,)
1.9.15 fieldsets,详细页面时,使用fieldsets标签对数据进行分割显示
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): fieldsets = ( (‘基本数据‘, { ‘fields‘: (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘, ‘ctime‘,) }), (‘其他‘, { ‘classes‘: (‘collapse‘, ‘wide‘, ‘extrapretty‘), # ‘collapse‘,‘wide‘, ‘extrapretty‘ ‘fields‘: (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘), }), )
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): filter_vertical = ("m2m字段",) # 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",)
1.9.17 ordering,列表时,数据排序规则
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): ordering = (‘-id‘,) 或 def get_ordering(self, request): return [‘-id‘, ]
radio_fields = {"ug": admin.VERTICAL} # 或admin.HORIZONTAL
1.9.19 form = ModelForm,用于定制用户请求时候表单验证
from app01 import models from django.forms import ModelForm from django.forms import fields class MyForm(ModelForm): others = fields.CharField() class Meta: model = models = models.UserInfo fields = "__all__" @admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): form = MyForm
1.9.20 empty_value_display = "列数据为空时,显示默认值"
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): empty_value_display = "列数据为空时,默认显示" list_display = (‘user‘,‘pwd‘,‘up‘) def up(self,obj): return obj.user up.empty_value_display = "指定列数据为空时,默认显示"
2. admin 源码解析
a
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/gbq-dog/p/10692831.html