一、相关命令
1、kubectl
通过连接api server 进行各k8s对象资源的增删改查,如pod，service，controller(控制器)，我们常用的pod控制器replicaset，deployment,statefulet，daemonset，job，cronjob等，甚至node都是对象。
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl --help kubectl controls the Kubernetes cluster manager. Find more information at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/ Basic Commands (Beginner): #新手用的命令 create #增 Create a resource from a file or from stdin. expose Take a replication controller, service, deployment or pod and expose it as a new Kubernetes Service run Run a particular image on the cluster set Set specific features on objects Basic Commands (Intermediate): #中级的基础命令 explain Documentation of resources get #查 Display one or many resources edit #改 Edit a resource on the server delete #删 Delete resources by filenames, stdin, resources and names, or by resources and label selector Deploy Commands: #部署命令 rollout #滚动，回滚 Manage the rollout of a resource scale #改变应用程序的规模 Set a new size for a Deployment, ReplicaSet, Replication Controller, or Job autoscale #自动改变，就是创建HPA的 Auto-scale a Deployment, ReplicaSet, or ReplicationController Cluster Management Commands: #集群管理相关命令 certificate #证书 Modify certificate resources. cluster-info #集群信息 Display cluster info top #查看资源使用率 Display Resource (CPU/Memory/Storage) usage. cordon #标记一个节点不可被调用 Mark node as unschedulable uncordon #标记一个节点可被调用 Mark node as schedulable drain #排干模式 Drain node in preparation for maintenance taint #增加污点，给节点增加污点以后，能容忍该污点的pod才能被调度到该节点，默认master会有很多污点，所以创建的pod默认是不会在master上创建，这样确保了master只运行各系统组件 Update the taints on one or more nodes Troubleshooting and Debugging Commands: #修复和调试命令 describe #描述一个资源的详细信息 Show details of a specific resource or group of resources logs #查看日志 Print the logs for a container in a pod attach #和docker 中的attach相似 Attach to a running container exec #和docker exec 相似 Execute a command in a container port-forward #端口转发 Forward one or more local ports to a pod proxy #代理 Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server cp #跨容器复制文件 Copy files and directories to and from containers. auth #测试认证 Inspect authorization Advanced Commands: #高级命令 apply #创建，修改 Apply a configuration to a resource by filename or stdin patch #打补丁 Update field(s) of a resource using strategic merge patch replace #替换 Replace a resource by filename or stdin wait #等待 Experimental: Wait for one condition on one or many resources convert #转换 Convert config files between different API versions Settings Commands: #设置命令 label #打标签 Update the labels on a resource annotate #给资源加一个注解 Update the annotations on a resource completion #用来做命令补全 Output shell completion code for the specified shell (bash or zsh) Other Commands: #其它命令 alpha Commands for features in alpha api-resources Print the supported API resources on the server api-versions Print the supported API versions on the server, in the form of "group/version" config Modify kubeconfig files plugin Runs a command-line plugin version Print the client and server version information Usage: kubectl [flags] [options] Use "kubectl <command> --help" for more information about a given command. Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all commands).
2、查看kubectl 版本信息或集群信息
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl version Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"11", GitVersion:"v1.11.1", GitCommit:"b1b29978270dc22fecc592ac55d903350454310a", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2018-07-17T18:53:20Z", GoVer sion:"go1.10.3", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"11", GitVersion:"v1.11.1", GitCommit:"b1b29978270dc22fecc592ac55d903350454310a", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2018-07-17T18:43:26Z", GoVer sion:"go1.10.3", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl cluster-info Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.10.10:6443 KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.10.10:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use ‘kubectl cluster-info dump‘.
3、kubectl run 命令
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl run --help Create and run a particular image, possibly replicated. Creates a deployment or job to manage the created container(s).#基于这两种中的某一种创建容器(也就是pod) Examples: # Start a single instance of nginx. kubectl run nginx --image=nginx #基于nginx镜像启动pod # Start a single instance of hazelcast and let the container expose port 5701 . kubectl run hazelcast --image=hazelcast --port=5701 # Start a single instance of hazelcast and set environment variables "DNS_DOMAIN=cluster" and "POD_NAMESPACE=default" in the container. kubectl run hazelcast --image=hazelcast --env="DNS_DOMAIN=cluster" --env="POD_NAMESPACE=default" # Start a single instance of hazelcast and set labels "app=hazelcast" and "env=prod" in the container. kubectl run hazelcast --image=nginx --labels="app=hazelcast,env=prod" # Start a replicated instance of nginx. kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=5 #启动5个pod # Dry run. Print the corresponding API objects without creating them. kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --dry-run #单跑模式 # Start a single instance of nginx, but overload the spec of the deployment with a partial set of values parsed from JSON. kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --overrides=‘{ "apiVersion": "v1", "spec": { ... } }‘ # Start a pod of busybox and keep it in the foreground, don‘t restart it if it exits. kubectl run -i -t busybox --image=busybox --restart=Never #默认容器结束了会自动补上去，加了此命令后就不会再自动补上去 # Start the nginx container using the default command, but use custom arguments (arg1 .. argN) for that command. kubectl run nginx --image=nginx -- <arg1> <arg2> ... <argN> # Start the nginx container using a different command and custom arguments. kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --command -- <cmd> <arg1> ... <argN> #加上自定义的命令 # Start the perl container to compute π to 2000 places and print it out. kubectl run pi --image=perl --restart=OnFailure -- perl -Mbignum=bpi -wle ‘print bpi(2000)‘ # Start the cron job to compute π to 2000 places and print it out every 5 minutes. kubectl run pi --schedule="0/5 * * * ?" --image=perl --restart=OnFailure -- perl -Mbignum=bpi -wle ‘print bpi(2000)‘ #创建一个定时job
使用kubectl run创建一个单跑模式的nginx容器
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 --dry-run=true deployment.apps/nginx-deploy created (dry run) #deployment控制器下所控制的应用程序，叫做nginx-deploy
使用kubectl run创建一个nginx容器
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 deployment.apps/nginx-deploy created [root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get deployment NAME DESIRED(期望) CURRENT(当前) UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE（可用） AGE nginx-deploy 1 1 1 0 23s
过一会儿查看显示已经可用
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get deployment NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE nginx-deploy 1 1 1 1 2m
查看创建的pod
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx-deploy-5b595999-vw5vt 1/1 Running 0 3m [root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE nginx-deploy-5b595999-vw5vt 1/1 Running 0 4m 10.244.2.2 k8snode2
Kubernetes 学习4 kubernetes应用快速入门
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/Presley-lpc/p/10837379.html