很多时候我们在编写 state 文件时候需要进行判断，判断该目录或文件是否存在，判断该配置是否已经已添加，然后根据判断结果再决定命令或动作是否执行，这时候就需要用到了状态判断的unless和onlyif。
unless示例：需求创建/tmp/unless.txt文件，存在则不创建，不存在则创建
[root@salt-master ~]# cat /srv/salt/prod/unless.sls test-unless: cmd.run: - name: touch /tmp/unless.txt - unless: test -f /tmp/unless.txt [root@salt-master ~]# salt ‘salt-minion01‘ state.sls unless saltenv=prod salt-minion01: ---------- ID: test-unless Function: cmd.run Name: touch /tmp/unless.txt Result: True Comment: Command "touch /tmp/unless.txt" run Started: 15:10:51.522319 Duration: 31.822 ms Changes: ---------- pid: 6538 retcode: 0 stderr: stdout: Summary for salt-minion01 ------------ Succeeded: 1 (changed=1) Failed: 0 ------------ Total states run: 1 Total run time: 31.822 ms #上面第一次执行，可以看到发生了一次更改，创建了 /tmp/unless.txt文件 [root@salt-master ~]# salt ‘salt-minion01‘ state.sls unless saltenv=prod salt-minion01: ---------- ID: test-unless Function: cmd.run Name: touch /tmp/unless.txt Result: True Comment: unless condition is true Started: 15:11:40.819789 Duration: 10.477 ms Changes: Summary for salt-minion01 ------------ Succeeded: 1 Failed: 0 ------------ Total states run: 1 Total run time: 10.477 ms #第二次执行，可以看到该文件已经存在，并没有再次创建
通过上面的小案例可以看出，当unless返回为真则不执行，当unless返回为假才执行。
onlyif正好和unless相反，当onlyif返回为真执行，当onlyif返回为假不执行
onlyif示例：需求，当/tmp/onlyif.txt文件存在，则创建/tmp/onlyif目录，不存在，则不创建/tmp/onlyif目录
[root@salt-master ~]# cat /srv/salt/prod/onlyif.sls test-onlyif: cmd.run: - name: mkdir /tmp/onlyif - onlyif: test -f /tmp/onlyif.txt [root@salt-master ~]# salt ‘salt-minion01‘ state.sls onlyif saltenv=prod salt-minion01: ---------- ID: test-onlyif Function: cmd.run Name: mkdir /tmp/onlyif Result: True Comment: onlyif condition is false Started: 15:34:56.460583 Duration: 9.612 ms Changes: Summary for salt-minion01 ------------ Succeeded: 1 Failed: 0 ------------ Total states run: 1 Total run time: 9.612 ms #通过上面可以看到，由于/tmp/onlyif.txt文件不存在，并没有创建；手动创建一个/tmp/onlyif.txt文件再次执行 [root@salt-master ~]# salt ‘salt-minion01‘ cmd.run "touch /tmp/onlyif.txt" salt-minion01: [root@salt-master ~]# salt ‘salt-minion01‘ state.sls onlyif saltenv=prod salt-minion01: ---------- ID: test-onlyif Function: cmd.run Name: mkdir /tmp/onlyif Result: True Comment: Command "mkdir /tmp/onlyif" run Started: 15:38:07.712492 Duration: 14.646 ms Changes: ---------- pid: 6871 retcode: 0 stderr: stdout: Summary for salt-minion01 ------------ Succeeded: 1 (changed=1) Failed: 0 ------------ Total states run: 1 Total run time: 14.646 ms #可以看到上面我们手动创建了一个/tmp/onlyif.txt文件后再次执行，则发生了改变，在/tmp/创建了onlyif目录
说明：该案例在prod环境配置
1）环境准备，定义file_roots环境
[root@salt-master ~]# vim /etc/salt/master file_roots: base: - /srv/salt/base dev: - /srv/salt/dev prod: - /srv/salt/prod
2）创建对应环境目录
[root@salt-master ~]# mkdir -p /srv/salt/{base,dev,prod} [root@salt-master ~]# mkdir -p /srv/salt/prod/redis/files/
3）编写state sls状态文件
#初始化redis（安装和基本配置） [root@salt-master ~]# cat /srv/salt/prod/redis/init.sls redis-install: pkg.installed: - name: redis redis-config: file.managed: - name: /etc/redis.conf - source: salt://redis/files/redis.conf - user: root - group: root - mode: 644 - template: jinja - defaults: BIND: {{ grains[‘fqdn_ip4‘][0] }} PORT: 6379 DAEMONIZA: ‘yes‘ - require: - pkg: redis-install redis-service: service.running: - name: redis - enable: True - watch: - file: redis-config #master直接引入 init [root@salt-master ~]# cat /srv/salt/prod/redis/master.sls include: - redis.init #slave引入init 并配置主从信息 [root@salt-master ~]# cat /srv/salt/prod/redis/slave.sls include: - redis.init #配置主从 slave-config: cmd.run: - name: redis-cli -h 192.168.1.34 slaveof 192.168.1.33 6379 - unless: redis-cli -h 192.168.1.34 info |grep role:slave - require: - service: redis-service 说明： unless：返回为真则不执行，反之为假则执行
4）配置文件准备
[root@salt-master ~]# grep "^[a-Z]" /etc/redis.conf >>/srv/salt/prod/redis/files/redis.conf [root@salt-master ~]# cat /srv/salt/prod/redis/files/redis.conf #这里使用jinja bind {{ BIND }} protected-mode yes #这里使用jinja port {{ PORT }} tcp-backlog 511 timeout 0 tcp-keepalive 300 #这里使用jinja daemonize {{ DAEMONIZA }} supervised no pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid loglevel notice logfile /var/log/redis/redis.log databases 16 save 900 1 save 300 10 save 60 10000 stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes rdbcompression yes rdbchecksum yes dbfilename dump.rdb dir /var/lib/redis slave-serve-stale-data yes slave-read-only yes repl-diskless-sync no repl-diskless-sync-delay 5 repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no slave-priority 100 appendonly no appendfilename "appendonly.aof" appendfsync everysec no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb aof-load-truncated yes lua-time-limit 5000 slowlog-log-slower-than 10000 slowlog-max-len 128 latency-monitor-threshold 0 notify-keyspace-events "" hash-max-ziplist-entries 512 hash-max-ziplist-value 64 list-max-ziplist-size -2 list-compress-depth 0 set-max-intset-entries 512 zset-max-ziplist-entries 128 zset-max-ziplist-value 64 hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000 activerehashing yes client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0 client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60 client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60 hz 10 aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
5）top file文件编写
[root@salt-master ~]# cat /srv/salt/base/top.sls prod: ‘salt-minion02‘: - redis.master ‘salt-minion03‘: - redis.slave
6）整体state文件查看
[root@salt-master ~]# tree /srv/salt/prod/redis/ /srv/salt/prod/redis/ ├── files │ └── redis.conf ├── init.sls ├── master.sls └── slave.sls 1 directory, 4 files
7）top file高级状态执行
#先测试下看下状态文件是否编写正确，再正式执行 [root@salt-master ~]# salt ‘*‘ state.highstate test=True [root@salt-master ~]# salt ‘*‘ state.highstate
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/yanjieli/p/10883853.html