爬取中国大学的排名

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Wed May 29 11:23:44 2019

@author: history
"""

import requests
import pandas
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
allUniv = []
def getHTMLText(url):
    try:
        r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
        r.raise_for_status()
        r.encoding = ‘utf-8‘
        return r.text
    except:
        return ""
def fillUnivList(soup):
    data = soup.find_all(‘tr‘)
    for tr in data:
        ltd = tr.find_all(‘td‘)
        if len(ltd)==0:
            continue
        singleUniv = []
        for td in ltd:
            singleUniv.append(td.string)
        allUniv.append(singleUniv)
def printUnivList(num):
    print("{:^4}{:^10}{:^5}{:^8}{:^10}".format("排名","学校名称","省市","总分","培养规模"))
    for i in range(num):
        u=allUniv[i]
        print("{:^4}{:^10}{:^5}{:^8}{:^10}".format(u[0],u[1],u[2],u[3],u[6]))
def main():
    url = ‘http://www.zuihaodaxue.cn/zuihaodaxuepaiming2016.html‘
    html = getHTMLText(url)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
    fillUnivList(soup)
    printUnivList(10)
    saveAsCsv("D:/Python文件/工作簿1.xlsx", data)
main()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Wed May 29 11:30:32 2019

@author: history
"""

import sqlite3
from pandas import DataFrame
import re

class SQL_method:
    ‘‘‘
    function: 可以实现对数据库的基本操作
    ‘‘‘
    def __init__(self, dbName, tableName, data, columns, COLUMNS, Read_All=True):
        ‘‘‘
        function: 初始化参数
        dbName: 数据库文件名 
        tableName: 数据库中表的名称
        data: 从csv文件中读取且经过处理的数据
        columns: 用于创建数据库，为表的第一行
        COLUMNS: 用于数据的格式化输出，为输出的表头
        Read_All: 创建表之后是否读取出所有数据
        ‘‘‘
        self.dbName = dbName
        self.tableName = tableName
        self.data = data
        self.columns = columns
        self.COLUMNS = COLUMNS
        self.Read_All = Read_All

    def creatTable(self):

        connect = sqlite3.connect(self.dbName)
        
        connect.execute("CREATE TABLE {}({})".format(self.tableName, self.columns))
      
        connect.commit()
        
        connect.close()

    def destroyTable(self):
        connect = sqlite3.connect(self.dbName)
        connect.execute("DROP TABLE {}".format(self.tableName))
        connect.commit()
        connect.close()

    def insertDataS(self):
        connect = sqlite3.connect(self.dbName)
        connect.executemany("INSERT INTO {} VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)".format(self.tableName), self.data)
        connect.commit()
        connect.close()

    def getAllData(self):
        connect = sqlite3.connect(self.dbName)
        cursor = connect.cursor()
        cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM {}".format(self.tableName))
        dataList = cursor.fetchall()
        connect.close()
        return dataList

    def searchData(self, conditions, IfPrint=True):
        connect = sqlite3.connect(self.dbName)
        cursor = connect.cursor()
        cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM {} WHERE {}".format(self.tableName, conditions))
        data = cursor.fetchall()
        cursor.close()
        connect.close()
        if IfPrint:
            self.printData(data)
        return data

    def deleteData(self, conditions):
        connect = sqlite3.connect(self.dbName)
        connect.execute("DELETE FROM {} WHERE {}".format(self.tableName, conditions))
        connect.commit()
        connect.close()

    def printData(self, data):
        print("{1:{0}^3}{2:{0}<11}{3:{0}<4}{4:{0}<4}{5:{0}<5}{6:{0}<5}{7:{0}^5}{8:{0}^5}{9:{0}^5}{10:{0}^5}{11:{0}^5}{12:{0}^6}{13:{0}^5}".format(chr(12288), *self.COLUMNS))
        for i in range(len(data)):
            print("{1:{0}<4.0f}{2:{0}<10}{3:{0}<5}{4:{0}<6}{5:{0}<7}{6:{0}<8}{7:{0}<7.0f}{8:{0}<8}{9:{0}<7.0f}{10:{0}<6.0f}{11:{0}<9.0f}{12:{0}<6.0f}{13:{0}<6.0f}".format(chr(12288), *data[i]))

    def run(self):
        try:
            self.creatTable()
            print(">>> 数据库创建成功")
            self.insertDataS()
            print(">>> 表创建、数据插入成功！")
        except:
            print(">>> 数据库已创建！")
        if self.Read_All:
            self.printData(self.getAllData())

def get_data(fileName):
    data = []
    f = open(fileName, ‘r‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
    for line in f.readlines():
        line = line.replace(‘\n‘, ‘‘)
        line = line.replace(‘%‘,‘‘)
        line = line.split(‘,‘)
        
        for i in range(len(line)):
            try:
                if line[i] == ‘‘:
                    line[i] = ‘0‘
                line[i] = eval(line[i])
            except:
                continue
        data.append(tuple(line))
    EN_columns = "Rank real, University text, Province text, Grade real, SourseQuality real, TrainingResult real, ResearchScale real,     ReserchQuality real, TopResult real, TopTalent real, TechnologyService real, Cooperation real, TransformationResults real"
    CH_columns =  ["排名", "学校名称", "省市", "总分", "生涯质量", "培养结果(%)", "科研规模", "科研质量", "顶尖成果", "顶尖人才", "科技服务", "产学研合作", "成果转化"]
    return data[1:], EN_columns, CH_columns

if __name__ == "__main__":
   
    fileName = "D:/Python文件/工作簿1.xlsx.csv"
    data, EN_columns, CH_columns = get_data(fileName)
    dbName = "university.db"
    tableName = "university"

   
    SQL = SQL_method(dbName, tableName, data, EN_columns, CH_columns, False)

    
    SQL.run()
    
    print(">>> 查找数据项（University = ‘广东工业大学‘） :")
    SQL.searchData("University = ‘广东工业大学‘", True)
    print("\n>>> 筛选数据项并按照科研规模排序（Province = ‘广东省‘） :")
    SQL.searchData("Province = ‘广东省‘ ORDER BY ResearchScale", True)
    Weight = [0.3, 0.15, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.05, 0.05, 0.05]
    value, sum = [], 0
    sample = SQL.searchData("Province = ‘广东省‘", False)
    for i in range(len(sample)):
        for j in range(len(Weight)):
            sum += sample[i][4+j] * Weight[j]
        value.append(sum)
        sum = 0
    university = [university[1] for university in sample]
    uv, tmp = [], []
    for i in range(len(university)):
        tmp.append(university[i])
        tmp.append(value[i])
        uv.append(tmp)
        tmp = []
    df = DataFrame(uv, columns=list(("大学", "总分")))
    df = df.sort_values(‘总分‘)
    df.index = [i for i in range(1, len(uv)+1)]
    print("\n>>> 筛选【广东省】的大学并通过权值运算后重排名的结果：\n", df)
    SQL.deleteData("Province = ‘北京市‘")
    SQL.deleteData("Province = ‘广东省‘")
    SQL.deleteData("Province = ‘山东省‘")
    SQL.deleteData("Province = ‘山西省‘")
    SQL.deleteData("Province = ‘江西省‘")
    SQL.deleteData("Province = ‘河南省‘")
    print("\n>>> 数据删除成功！")
    SQL.printData(SQL.getAllData())
    SQL.destroyTable()
    print(">>> 表删除成功！")