spring 事务案例--转账

1 环境搭建

1.创建表

create databases spring_date;
use spring_date;

create table account(
    id int primary key auto_increment,
    username varchar(50),
    money int);

insert into account(username,money) values('jack','10000')
insert into account(username,money) values('rose','10000')

2.导入jar包

• 核心 4+1
• aop：4 (aop联盟，spring aop，aspectj，spring aspectj)
• 数据库 2 （jdbc ，tx）
• 驱动 mysql
• 连接池 c3p0
  

3.dao层

package com.itheima.dao;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao{// 继承JdbcDaoSupport,之后只需要注入数据源，底层自动创建模板

    
    @Override
    public void out(String outer, int money) {//汇款
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        this.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set money=money-? where username=?", money,outer);//使用JdbcTemplate模板操作数据库
    }

    @Override
    public void in(String inner, int money) {//收款
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        this.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set money=money+? where username=?", money,inner);
    }

}

4.service层

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.AccountDao;
import com.itheima.service.AccountService;

public class AccountServicImpl implements AccountService {
    
    
    private AccountDao accountDao;
    public void setAccountdao(AccountDao accountdao) {//set dao
        this.accountDao = accountdao;
    }
    @Override
    public void transfer(String outer, String inner, int money) {//转账
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        accountDao.out(outer, money);
        accountDao.in(inner, money);
        
    }

}

5.spring 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
   
    <!-- properti -->
    <!--datasource  -->
    <bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass"  value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl"  value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_date"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- dao -->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- service -->  
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServicImpl">
        <property name="accountdao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>
    
</beans>

6.测试

package com.itheima;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.itheima.service.AccountService;

public class TestApp {
    
    @Test
    public void demo01() {
                //加载配置文件
        String xmlpath="applicationContext.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlpath);
        AccountService accountService= applicationContext.getBean("accountService",AccountService.class);


        accountService.transfer("jack", "rose", 1000);/测试
    }
}

7.结果：

能实现转账功能，但如果在转账过程中间出现异常情况，就会出现只有汇款人金额已经减少，但收款人金额没有增加的现象

2 手动管理事务

• spring 底层使用 TransactionTemplete 事务模板进行操作。
• 操作
  1.service 需要获得TransactionTemplete
  2.spring 配置模板，并注入给service
  3.模板需要注入事务管理器
  4.配置事务管理器：DataSourceTransactionManager ，需要注入DataSource。

1修改Service

//需要spring 注入模板
private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;
    public void setTransactionTemplate(TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate) {
        this.transactionTemplate = transactionTemplate;
    }
    
    
    @Override
    public void transfer(String outer, String inner, int money) {
        
            //调用模板的执行方法，使用事务回调匿名内部类进行增删改操作
        transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {
            
            @Override
            protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus arg0) {
                // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
                accountDao.out(outer, money);
                accountDao.in(inner, money);
            }
        });

3 修改spring配置

<!-- service 注入dao和transactionTemplate事务模板 -->  
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServicImpl">
        <property name="accountdao" ref="accountDao"></property>
        <property name="transactionTemplate" ref="transactionTemplate"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 创建模板,注入事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="txManager"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置事务管理器,管理器需要事务，事务从connection获得，连接从连接池DataSource获得 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource"></property>
    </bean>

4.测试结果：

能实现转账功能，但如果在转账过程中间出现异常情况，事务就会回滚，取消写入数据库

3 工厂bean生成代理：半自动

• spring 提供 管理事务的代理工厂bean TransactionProxyFactoryBean
  1.getBean() 获得代理对象
  2.spring 配置一个代理

1 spring配置文件

    <!-- 4.service 代理对象 
        4.1 proxyInterfaces  接口
        4.2 target  目标类
        4.3 transactionManager  事务详情
        4.4 transactionAttributes 事务属性（事务详情）
        prop.key :确定哪些方法使用当前事务配置
        prop.text :用于配置事务详情 
            格式：PROPAGATION,ISOLATION,readOnly,-Exception,+Exception
                传播行为        隔离级别        是否只读    异常回滚        异常提交    
            例如：<prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT</prop>默认传播行为和隔离级别
                <prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT,+java.lang.ArithmeticException</prop> 有异常仍然提交
    -->
    <bean id="proxyAccountService" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.itheima.service.AccountService"></property>
        <property name="target" ref="accountService"></property>
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="txManager"></property>
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_DEFAULT</prop>
            </props>
            
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 5.事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

2 测试

public class TestApp {
    
    @Test
    public void demo01() {
        String xmlpath="applicationContext.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlpath);
        AccountService accountService= applicationContext.getBean("proxyAccountService",AccountService.class);
        accountService.transfer("jack", "rose", 1000);
    }
}

4 AOP配置 基于xml【掌握】

• 在spring xml 配置aop自动生成代理，进行事务的管理
  1.配置管理器
  2.配置事务详情
  3.配置aop

1.spring 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
   
    <!-- properti -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbcInfo.properties"/>
    <!--dataSource  -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass"  value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl"  value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- dao -->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- service -->  
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServicImpl">
        <property name="accountdao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 4事务管理 -->
    <!-- 4.1 事务管理器-->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 4.2 事务详情 ,在aop筛选基础上,对ABC三个确定使用什么事务。例如AC读写、B只读等
        <tx:attributes> 用于配置事务详情
        <tx:method name=""/> 详情具体配置
    -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="transfer" propagation="REQUIRED" isolation="DEFAULT"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!-- 4.2 AOP编程,目标类有ABCD(4个连接点),切入点表达式确定增强的连接器 -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* com.itheima.service..*(..))"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

5 AOP配置 基于注解【掌握】

1spring配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
   
<!--        properti -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbcInfo.properties"/>
    <!--dataSource  -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass"  value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl"  value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- dao -->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- service -->  
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServicImpl">
        <property name="accountdao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>
   
    <!-- 4.事务管理 -->
    <!-- 4.1 事务管理器  -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean> 
    
    <!-- 4.2将管理器交予spring
        * transaction-manager 配置事务管理器
        * proxy-target-class
            true :底层强制使用cglib代理
     -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" proxy-target-class="false"/>      
</beans>

2.service层

想在那配置事务在那个方法或类的上方添加@Transactional 注解即可

@Transactional
public class AccountServicImpl implements AccountService {

3.事务详情配置

spring 事务案例--转账

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/a1737301376/p/11234219.html