结构化膨胀：通过自定义提取兴趣的结构，在该结构覆盖下的最大值作为该取值。
结构化腐蚀：通过自定义提取兴趣的结构，在该结构覆盖下的最小值作为该取值。
一、水平直线提取
代码如下：
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp> #include <iostream> using namespace cv; int main(int argc, char** argv) { Mat src, dst; src = imread("L:/opencv_picture/14.png"); if (!src.data) { printf("could not load image...\n"); return -1; } char INPUT_WIN[] = "input image"; char OUTPUT_WIN[] = "result image"; namedWindow(INPUT_WIN, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); imshow(INPUT_WIN, src); Mat gray_src; cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY); imshow("gray image", gray_src); Mat binImg; adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2); //adaptiveThreshold参数：1.原图 2.生成图像 3.二值图像最大值 4.自适应方法 5.阈值类型 6.块大小 7.常量 imshow("binary image", binImg); // 水平结构元素 Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1)); // 垂直结构元素 Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1)); // 矩形结构 Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1)); Mat temp; erode(binImg, temp, hline); dilate(temp, dst, hline); // morphologyEx(binImg, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, vline); bitwise_not(dst, dst); //blur(dst, dst, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1)); imshow("Final Result", dst); waitKey(0); return 0; }
结果：
二、竖直线提取
仅提取参数代码改变：
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp> #include <iostream> using namespace cv; int main(int argc, char** argv) { Mat src, dst; src = imread("L:/opencv_picture/14.png"); if (!src.data) { printf("could not load image...\n"); return -1; } char INPUT_WIN[] = "input image"; char OUTPUT_WIN[] = "result image"; namedWindow(INPUT_WIN, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); imshow(INPUT_WIN, src); Mat gray_src; cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY); imshow("gray image", gray_src); Mat binImg; adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2); //adaptiveThreshold参数：1.原图 2.生成图像 3.二值图像最大值 4.自适应方法 5.阈值类型 6.块大小 7.常量 imshow("binary image", binImg); // 水平结构元素 Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1)); // 垂直结构元素 Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1)); // 矩形结构 Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1)); Mat temp; erode(binImg, temp, vline); dilate(temp, dst, vline); // morphologyEx(binImg, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, vline); bitwise_not(dst, dst); //blur(dst, dst, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1)); imshow("Final Result", dst); waitKey(0); return 0; }
结果：
三、矩形提取
代码：
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp> #include <iostream> using namespace cv; int main(int argc, char** argv) { Mat src, dst; src = imread("L:/opencv_picture/15.bmp"); if (!src.data) { printf("could not load image...\n"); return -1; } char INPUT_WIN[] = "input image"; char OUTPUT_WIN[] = "result image"; namedWindow(INPUT_WIN, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); imshow(INPUT_WIN, src); Mat gray_src; cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY); imshow("gray image", gray_src); Mat binImg; adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2); //adaptiveThreshold参数：1.原图 2.生成图像 3.二值图像最大值 4.自适应方法 5.阈值类型 6.块大小 7.常量 imshow("binary image", binImg); // 水平结构元素 Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1)); // 垂直结构元素 Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1)); // 矩形结构 Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1)); Mat temp; erode(binImg, temp, kernel); dilate(temp, dst, kernel); // morphologyEx(binImg, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, vline); bitwise_not(dst, dst); //blur(dst, dst, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1)); imshow("Final Result", dst); waitKey(0); return 0; }
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/Jack-Elvis/p/11506733.html