CentOS 7 安装MySQL8

安装

1. 下载Linux对应的MySQL https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

   CentOS选择Red Hat Enterprise Linux

2. 在/usr/local/目录下新建目录mysql

    cd /usr/local/
    mkdir mysql
    cd mysql/

3. 打开文件传输工具将下载的压缩包 mysql-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 放到此目录
   解压 tar -xvf mysql-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

   解压出来8个文件

    mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-devel-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    mysql-community-test-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4. 检查是否有预装数据库mariadb rpm -qa | grep mariadb 及是否预装mysql

   检测出来了就移除 rpm -e mariadb-libs-..... --nodeps 根据检查出来的名字输入

5. 安装

   • 安装 common rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

   • 安装 libs rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
   • 安装 client rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
   • 安装 server rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

   • 查看已安装的包 rpm -qa | grep mysql

       [root@izuf63okxpwhhlr3bu263dz mysql]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
       mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
       mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
       mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
       mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64

6. 初始化

   • 通过一下命令完成mysql初始化

       mysqld --initialize

     如果报如下错误信息：

       mysqld:error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No shch file or directory

     则安装下 libaio.so.1 包

       # 方案1
       yum install -y libaio
     
       # 方案2，如果方案1安装后，继续初始化mysql没成功，则执行该方案
       yum install -y libaio.so.1

   • 授权服务

       # 给mysql目录授权，一般不用操作，root用户拥有所有权限
       chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R;
     
       # 启动mysql服务
       systemctl start mysqld.service;
     
       # 配置开机启动
       systemctl enable mysqld;

   • 查看数据库默认密码 cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

       [root@izuf63okxpwhhlr3bu263dz mysql]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
       2019-10-07T08:45:06.207436Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: gfn,!V/j7tlz

   • 拿到查询出的密码进行数据库的登录 mysql -u root -p gfn,!V/j7tlz
   • 修改默认密码 alter user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ identified with mysql_native_password by ‘root‘;
     修改后退出以修改后的密码重新登录

   • 授权远程访问

       create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
       grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
       flush privileges;

   • 此时采用Navicat等可视化客户端可能无法连接，因为端口未对外开放

7. 防火墙配置

    # 查看防火墙状态
    systemctl status firewalld
   
    # 启动防火墙，防火墙启动后，除了22端口对外能够访问，其他端口军不能使用，所以需要添加
    systemctl start firewalld
   
    # 添加端口
    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=443/tcp --permanent
    firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
   
    # 重新加载
    firewall-cmd --reload

8. 其他

   • 查看MySQL配置文件

       # 默认的配置文件为： /etc/my.cnf
       cat /etc/my.cnf

   • 查看进程语句 ps -ef | grep mysql

大功告成

遗留问题

• Linux下的MySQL数据库大小写敏感，所以SQL语句中的表名区分大小写

• 忽略大小写配置

    $ vim /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    lower_case_table_names=1

但是在MySQL8 这样不行，网上有说要在初始化的时候设置才有效 --initialize --lower-case-table-names=1 但是我怎么试也不行，只要启动服务就报错

    [root@izuf63okxpwhhlr3bu263dz mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service;
    Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

折腾半天只好让它大小写敏感去吧，反正我也不是运维

卸载

1. 关闭mysql服务

    [root@izuf63okxpwhhlr3bu263dz mysql]# service mysqld stop
    Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop  mysqld.service

2. 查看安装的mysql

    [root@izuf63okxpwhhlr3bu263dz mysql]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
    mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
    mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
    mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64
    mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el7.x86_64

3. 卸载列出来的所有mysql

   rpm -ev mysql-community-......... --nodeps

4. 删除mysql相关

    find / -name mysql
    rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/
    ......

5. 删除my.cnf

   rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

6. 检查卸载情况

   rpm -qa|grep -i mysql

为空，大功告成

CentOS 7 安装MySQL8

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/yxmhl/p/11633047.html