解释器模式提供方法来解释语言语法或者表达式,这种模式类型归属于行为型模式。这个模式涉及到实现一个表达式接口,这个接口解释一个特殊的上下文。对于这个模式的第一印象就是一个翻译机,让人们理解一门外语。可能音乐家就是一个很好的例子:音乐标记就是我们的语法,音乐家识别这些语法充当的是解释器,根据乐谱弹奏音乐。这种模式常被用在SQL解析上,符号处理引擎等。
在下面的这个实例中,我将创建一个接口Expression和它的具体实现类。一个类TerminalExpression充当请求上下文的一个主解释器,其它的类OrExpression和AndExpression用于创建结合表达式。UML类图如下所示:
创建一个表达式接口Expression.java。
public interface Expression { public boolean interpret(String context); }
实现上述类TerminalExpression.java
public class TerminalExpression implements Expression { private String data; public TerminalExpression(String data){ this.data = data; } @Override public boolean interpret(String context) { if(context.contains(data)){ return true; } return false; } }
符号操作类OrExpression.java
public class OrExpression implements Expression { private Expression expr1 = null; private Expression expr2 = null; public OrExpression(Expression expr1, Expression expr2) { this.expr1 = expr1; this.expr2 = expr2; } @Override public boolean interpret(String context) { return expr1.interpret(context) || expr2.interpret(context); } }
public class AndExpression implements Expression { private Expression expr1 = null; private Expression expr2 = null; public AndExpression(Expression expr1, Expression expr2) { this.expr1 = expr1; this.expr2 = expr2; } @Override public boolean interpret(String context) { return expr1.interpret(context) && expr2.interpret(context); } }
测试类InterpreterPatternDemo.java
public class InterpreterPatternDemo { //Rule: Robert and John are male public static Expression getMaleExpression(){ Expression robert = new TerminalExpression("Robert"); Expression john = new TerminalExpression("John"); return new OrExpression(robert, john); } //Rule: Julie is a married women public static Expression getMarriedWomanExpression(){ Expression julie = new TerminalExpression("Julie"); Expression married = new TerminalExpression("Married"); return new AndExpression(julie, married); } public static void main(String[] args) { Expression isMale = getMaleExpression(); Expression isMarriedWoman = getMarriedWomanExpression(); System.out.println("John is male? " + isMale.interpret("John")); System.out.println("Julie is a married women? " + isMarriedWoman.interpret("Married Julie")); } }
输出结果:
John is male? true Julie is a married women? true
原文:http://blog.csdn.net/john_f_lau/article/details/19256087