spring data jpa 使用JPQL的方式查询

package com.ytkj.dao;

import com.ytkj.entity.Customer;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**
 * JpaRepository<实体类类型，主键类型>：用来完成基本CRUD操作
 * JpaSpecificationExecutor<实体类类型>：用于复杂查询（分页等查询操作）
 */
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer,Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {
    /**
     * 根据客户名称查询
     * 使用jpql查询:
     *          from Customer where custName=?
     * 使用注解
     */

    @Query(value = "from Customer where custName=?")
    Customer findByName(String custName);

    /**
     * jpql占位符
     * 根据id和名称查询
     *      多个占位符的位置默认情况下需要和方法中的参数位置保持一致，
     *      也可以指定占位符参数的位置
     *                              ？ 索引
     *     @Query(value = "from Customer where custId=?2 and custName=?1")
     *     Customer findByNameAndId(String custName,Long id);
     * @param id
     * @param custName
     * @return
     */
    @Query(value = "from Customer where custId=? and custName=?")
    Customer findByNameAndId(Long id,String custName);

    /**
     * 根据id更新名称
     */
    @Query(value = "update Customer set custName=? where custId =? ")
    @Modifying//此注解表示更新操作
    void updateById(String name,Long  id);
}

import com.ytkj.dao.CustomerDao;
import com.ytkj.entity.Customer;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//声明spring提供的单元测试环境
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")//指定spring容器的配置信息
public class SpringdatajpqlTest {
    @Autowired
    CustomerDao customerDao;

    /**
     * 根据id查询
     */
    @Test
    public void findByName(){
        Customer customer = customerDao.findByName("zhechaochao");
        System.out.println(customer);
    }

    /**
     * 根据id和名称查询
     */
    @Test
    public void findByNameAndId(){
        Customer customer = customerDao.findByNameAndId(1L,"zhechaochao1");
        System.out.println(customer);
    }
    /**
     * 根据id更新
     */
    @Test
    @Transactional//添加事务，使用jpql更新或者删除操作需要添加事务，否则或报错，默认会执行结束后，回滚事务
    @Rollback(value = false)//设置是否自动回滚
    public void updateById(){
        customerDao.updateById("者超超",1L);

    }


}