groupId ：the unique identifier of the organization or group that created the project （创建该项目的组织或者小组的唯一标识）
例子：比如我的组织叫做ant，项目名称jeepe ，那么可以将groupid定义为 com.ant.jeepe
artifactId ：unique base name of the primary artifact being generated by this project（该项目中的主要子项的唯一基本名称标识）
例子：项目名称jeepe ，项目下的api子模块，可以定义为 jeepe-api
name: 声明了一个对于用户更为友好的项目名称，不是必须的，推荐为每个pom声明name，以方便信息交流,，可以和artifactId 保持一致
2.1、继承是为了解决依赖复用的问题，消除重复配置，比如三个子模块都用到了一个依赖，那么就可以抽离到parent依赖中统一管理。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ant.parent</groupId>
<artifactId>ant-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>ant-parent</name>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-boot.version>2.1.6.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
<dubbo.version>2.7.3</dubbo.version>
<dubbo-spring-boot.version>2.7.3</dubbo-spring-boot.version>
<curator.famework.version>4.2.0</curator.famework.version>
</properties>
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>maven-release</id>
<name>Nexus Release Repository</name>
<url>http://maven.igper.com/repository/maven-releases/</url>
</repository>
<snapshotRepository>
<id>maven-snapshots</id>
<name>Nexus Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>http://maven.igper.com/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
</snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
<version>${javax.mail.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3.7</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
<version>1.3.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
<version>${tkmybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>Generate MyBatis Artifacts</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>generate</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<!--允许移动生成的文件 -->
<verbose>true</verbose>
<!-- 是否覆盖 -->
<overwrite>false</overwrite>
<!-- 自动生成的配置 -->
<configurationFile>src/main/resources/mybatis-generater.xml</configurationFile>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
2.2、Maven 的聚合其实就是项目与子项目的表示，其存在的意义在于快速构建项目。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.gpmall.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>gpmall-commons</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>commons-tool</module>
<module>commons-core</module>
<module>commons-lock</module>
<module>commons-mq</module>
</modules>
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>maven-release</id>
<name>Nexus Release Repository</name>
<url>http://maven.igper.com/repository/maven-releases/</url>
</repository>
<snapshotRepository>
<id>maven-snapshots</id>
<name>Nexus Snapshot Repository</name>
<url>http://maven.igper.com/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
</snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>
<name>gpmall-commons</name>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
</project>
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/irobotzz/p/12376962.html