Linux安装MySQL

1，直接拖拽文件到/opt
2,rz命令
没装lrzsz安装包，则无法使用rz和sz命令：
yum install -y lrzsz

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

mkdir -p  /data/mysql              #创建目录
chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql   #赋予权限

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

yum -y install numactl

[ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.

因为我们/etc/my.cnf中datadir=/data/mysql这样配置的，且报的错是mysql中的data目录已经有数据了。因此我们cd / /data/mysql 
[root@VM_0_8_centos mysql]# ll
total 110656
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql       56 Mar 19 22:23 auto.cnf
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1676 Mar 19 22:23 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql     1112 Mar 19 22:23 ca.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql     1112 Mar 19 22:23 client-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1680 Mar 19 22:23 client-key.pem
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql      185 Mar 19 22:44 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Mar 19 22:44 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Mar 19 22:44 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Mar 19 22:17 ib_logfile1
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql    23540 Mar 19 22:44 mysql.err
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1680 Mar 19 22:23 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql      452 Mar 19 22:23 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql     1112 Mar 19 22:23 server-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql     1676 Mar 19 22:23 server-key.pem
确实有数据
因此我们要么直接删掉/data里面的mysql文件夹，要么配分一下
cd /data
mv mysql/ mysql.bak

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# cat /data/mysql/mysql.err
2020-03-19T14:50:13.279609Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-03-19T14:50:13.418087Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-03-19T14:50:13.492982Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f06c7917-69f0-11ea-a39f-525400074b77.
2020-03-19T14:50:13.496862Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.
2020-03-19T14:50:13.843658Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-03-19T14:50:14.412825Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: TvWyskDcM3=l

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root      4625     1  0 22:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
mysql     4852  4625  0 22:51 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      6352 27089  0 23:02 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# ./mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.29

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456‘);
ALTER USER ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                                 

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                                 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

use mysql                                            #访问mysql库
update user set host = ‘%‘ where user = ‘root‘;      #使root能再任何host访问
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                                    #刷新

mysql> use mysql                                            #访问mysql库
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set host = ‘%‘ where user = ‘root‘;      #使root能再任何host访问
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;                                    #刷新
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

ln -s  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql    /usr/bin