具体方法如下：
1，取得全体列的类引用 CL_SALV_COLUMNS
2，调用类 CL_SALV_COLUMNS中的方法set_optimize，设定自动优化列宽度
类 CL_SALV_COLUMNS中还有其他方法，可参照SE24，如下
1，取得单个列的类引用CL_SALV_COLUMN
2，调用类CL_SALV_COLUMN中的方法set_long_text()设定字段标签名字，set_output_length()设定列显示长度。注意，当使用set_optimize时，set_output_length方法无效。
类 CL_SALV_COLUMN中还有其他方法，可参照SE24，如下
新的UML流程图如下，在SALV教程1-创建简单SALV的代码基础上添加了方法set_columns()，
完整代码：
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*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& 一个简单的通过类CL_SALV_TABLE生成SALV的例子
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT z_salv_6.
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS lcl_report DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS lcl_report DEFINITION.
*
PUBLIC SECTION.
*
* 定义SALV输出内表
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_vbak,
vbeln TYPE vbak-vbeln,
erdat TYPE erdat,
auart TYPE auart,
kunnr TYPE kunnr,
END OF ty_vbak.
*
DATA: t_vbak TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_vbak.
*
* ALV reference
DATA: o_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
*
METHODS:
* 抽取数据
get_data,
*
* 生成输出内容
generate_output.
*
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_1 - Begin..................................1..*$*$*
*
* 定义private method来设定SALV不同特性
PRIVATE SECTION.
METHODS:
set_pf_status CHANGING co_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
METHODS:
set_columns CHANGING co_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_1 - End....................................1..*$*$*
ENDCLASS. "lcl_report DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS lcl_report IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* 类实现
CLASS lcl_report IMPLEMENTATION.
*
METHOD get_data.
* 抽取数据
SELECT vbeln
erdat
auart
kunnr
INTO TABLE t_vbak
FROM vbak
UP TO 20 ROWS.
*
ENDMETHOD. "get_data
*.......................................................................
METHOD generate_output.
* New ALV instance
* We are calling the static Factory method which will give back
* the ALV object reference.
*
* exception class
DATA: lx_msg TYPE REF TO cx_salv_msg.
TRY.
cl_salv_table=>factory(
IMPORTING
r_salv_table = o_alv
CHANGING
t_table = t_vbak ).
CATCH cx_salv_msg INTO lx_msg.
ENDTRY.
*
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_2 - Begin..................................2..*$*$*
*
* In this area we will call the methods which will set the
* different properties to the ALV
* 调用status设置方法
CALL METHOD set_pf_status
CHANGING
co_alv = o_alv.
* 调用设置列的方法
CALL METHOD me->set_columns
CHANGING
co_alv = o_alv.
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_2 - End....................................2..*$*$*
*
*
* 调用Display方法将数据输出到屏幕上
o_alv->display( ).
*
ENDMETHOD. "generate_output
*
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_3 - Begin..................................3..*$*$*
*
* In this area we will implement the methods which are defined in
* the class definition
* status设置方法实现
METHOD set_pf_status.
DATA: lo_functions TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functions_list.
* 设置默认的标准状态栏
lo_functions = co_alv->get_functions( ).
lo_functions->set_default( abap_true ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD set_columns.
*
DATA: lo_cols TYPE REF TO cl_salv_columns.
*...Process individual columns
DATA: lo_column TYPE REF TO cl_salv_column.
*...取得全部列的对象
lo_cols = o_alv->get_columns( ).
*
* 设置自动优化列宽度
lo_cols->set_optimize( ‘X‘ ).
*
* 修改列KUNNR的标签名字和输出长度
TRY.
* 取得单个列的对象
lo_column = lo_cols->get_column( ‘KUNNR‘ ).
lo_column->set_long_text( ‘Sold-To Party‘ ).
lo_column->set_medium_text( ‘Sold-To Party‘ ).
lo_column->set_short_text( ‘Sold-To‘ ).
lo_column->set_output_length( 15 ).
CATCH cx_salv_not_found. "#EC NO_HANDLER
ENDTRY.
*
ENDMETHOD. "SET_COLUMNS
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_3 - End....................................3..*$*$*
*
ENDCLASS. "lcl_report IMPLEMENTATION
START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA: lo_report TYPE REF TO lcl_report.
CREATE OBJECT lo_report.
* 抽取数据
lo_report->get_data( ).
* 生成SALV
lo_report->generate_output( ).
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运行显示如下：
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/lvdong18847870057/p/12548606.html