Python 小栈_18：Python 面向对象之组合、继承

class School:
    def __init__(self,name,addr):
        self.name=name
        self.addr=addr


class Course:
    def __init__(self,type,price,school):
        self.type=type
        self.price=price
        self.school=school

class Teacher:
    def __init__(self,name,school,course):
        self.name=name
        self.school=school
        self.course=course

s1=School("清华大学","南校区")
s2=School("清华大学","北校区")
s3=School("清华大学","东校区")
s4=School("清华大学","西校区")
c1=Course("python","10000",s1)
c2=Course("linux","20000",s2)
c3=Course("java","40000",s3)
c4=Course("C+","30000",s4)
t1=Teacher("happy",s1,c2)
t2=Teacher("banana",s2,c1)
t3=Teacher("alex",s3,c4)
t4=Teacher("alvin",s4,c3)

msg=‘‘‘
1  清华大学 南校区
2  清华大学 北校区
3  清华大学 西校区
4  清华大学 东校区
‘‘‘


while True:
    print(msg)
    menu={"1":s1,"2":s2,"3":s3,"4":s4}
    choice=input("请输入序号：>> ")
    school_obj=menu[choice]
    type_obj=input("请输入课程名:>> ")
    price_obj=input("请输入价钱：>> ")
    new_course = Course(type_obj, price_obj, school_obj)
    print("你的学校在[%s]，你的课程名字为[%s]" %(new_course.school.name,new_course.type))

    teacher_name=input("请输入老师名字:>> ")
    new_teacher=Teacher(teacher_name,school_obj,type_obj)
    print("你的课程是[%s]，你的老师是[%s]" %(new_course.type,new_teacher.name))
    break

class Father:
    money=123
    def __init__(self,name):
        print("我是你爸爸")
        self.name=name

    def hit_son(self):
        print("%s打他的儿子" %self.name)

class Son(Father):     #继承：在子类的函数名后加个父辈的名字
    money=1234354654

print(Father.__dict__)
print(Son.__dict__)
print(Son.money)   #输出为子类的money，即当子类和父类定义重名时，子类会先在自己的属性里面找，找不到再去父类里找。
f1=Father("alex")
Father.hit_son(f1)
Son.hit_son(f1)   #子类可以调用父类的数据属性和函数属性


>>>
{‘__module__‘: ‘__main__‘, ‘money‘: 123, ‘__init__‘: <function Father.__init__ at 0x000002C56949B4C0>, ‘hit_son‘: <function Father.hit_son at 0x000002C56949B550>, ‘__dict__‘: <attribute ‘__dict__‘ of ‘Father‘ objects>, ‘__weakref__‘: <attribute ‘__weakref__‘ of ‘Father‘ objects>, ‘__doc__‘: None}
{‘__module__‘: ‘__main__‘, ‘money‘: 1234354654, ‘__doc__‘: None}
1234354654
我是你爸爸
alex打他的儿子
alex打他的儿子

import abc     #在接口继承中需引进该模块
class All_files(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
    @abc.abstractmethod      #需加入一个装饰器
    def read(self):          #在接口类继承中的方法不用实现逻辑，且不需要实例化，仅为规范
        pass
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def write(self):
        pass

class Disk(All_files):
    def read(self):
        print("disk read")

    def write(self):
        print("disk write")

class Cdrom(All_files):
    def read(self):
        print("cdrom read")

    def write(self):
        print("cdrom write")

class Mon(All_files):
    def read(self):
        print("mon read")

    def write(self):
        print("mon write")


d1=Disk()
d1.write()
d1.read()


>>>
disk write
disk read

#继承顺序
#新式类：广度优先
#经典类：深度优先
class A:
    def test(self):
        print("A")

class B(A):
    def test(self):
        print("B")

class C(A):
    def test(self):
        print("C")

class D(B):
    def test(self):
        print("D")

class E(C):
    def test(self):
        print("E")

class F(D,E):
    def test(self):
        print("F")

f1=F()
f1.test()
#继承顺序：F-->D-->B-->E-->C-->A
#Python中全为新式类，继承顺序也为广度优先

print(F.__mro__)   #在定义好类后，python会自动生成一个mro列表，表中列明了继承的顺序，mro列表是通过一个C3线性化算法实现的。


>>>
F
(<class ‘__main__.F‘>, <class ‘__main__.D‘>, <class ‘__main__.B‘>, <class ‘__main__.E‘>, <class ‘__main__.C‘>, <class ‘__main__.A‘>, <class ‘object‘>)

import abc
class Vehicle(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
    country="China"
    @abc.abstractmethod
    def __init__(self,name,speed,load,power):
        self.name=name
        self.speed=speed
        self.load=load
        self.power=power

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def run(self):
        print("%s准备开动啦" %self.name)

class Subway(Vehicle):
    def __init__(self,name,speed,load,power):
        # Vehicle.__init__(self,name,speed,load,power)
        super().__init__(name,speed,load,power)   #这里三种方式都可以，但常用super的方法，不用传入self。
        # super(Subway,self).__init__(name,speed,load,power)

    def run(self,name):
        super().run()
    def tell_info(self,name,speed,load,power):
        print("%s %s %s %s" %(self.name,self.speed,self.load,self.power))

s1=Subway("广州一号线","10km/s","10000","电")
s1.run("广州一号线")
s1.tell_info("广州一号线","10km/s","10000","电")


>>>
广州一号线准备开动啦
广州一号线 10km/s 10000 电