hive>load data [local] inpath ‘/opt/module/datas/student.txt‘ [overwrite] into table student [partition (partcol1=val1,…)];
(1)load data:表示加载数据
(2)local:表示从本地加载数据到hive表;否则从HDFS加载数据到hive表
(3)inpath:表示加载数据的路径
(4)overwrite:表示覆盖表中已有数据,否则表示追加
(5)into table:表示加载到哪张表
(6)student:表示具体的表
(7)partition:表示上传到指定分区
(1)创建一张表
hive (default)> create table student(id string, name string) row format delimited fields terminated by ‘\t‘;
(2)加载本地文件到hive
hive (default)> load data local inpath ‘/opt/module/datas/student.txt‘ into table default.student;
(3)加载HDFS文件到hive中
//上传文件到HDFS
hive (default)> dfs -put /opt/module/datas/student.txt /user/itstar/hive;
//加载HDFS上数据
hive (default)>load data inpath ‘/user/itstar/hive/student.txt‘ into table default.student;
(4)加载数据覆盖表中已有的数据
//上传文件到HDFS
hive (default)> dfs -put /opt/module/datas/student.txt /user/itstar/hive;
//加载数据覆盖表中已有的数据
hive (default)>load data inpath ‘/user/itstar/hive/student.txt‘ overwrite into table default.student;
hive (default)> create table student(id int, name string) partitioned by (month string) row format delimited fields terminated by ‘\t‘;
hive (default)> insert into table student partition(month=‘201809‘) values(1,‘wangwu‘);
hive (default)> insert overwrite table student partition(month=‘201808‘)
select id, name from student where month=‘201809‘;
hive (default)> from student
insert overwrite table student partition(month=‘201807‘)
select id, name where month=‘201809‘
insert overwrite table student partition(month=‘201806‘)
select id, name where month=‘201809‘;
详见 创建表
根据查询结果创建表(查询的结果会添加到新创建的表中)
create table if not exists student3
as select id, name from student;
hive (default)> create table if not exists student5(
id int, name string
)
row format delimited fields terminated by ‘\t‘
location ‘/user/hive/warehouse/student5‘;
hive (default)> dfs -put /opt/module/datas/student.txt /user/hive/warehouse/student5;
hive (default)> select * from student5;
注意:先用export导出后,再将数据导入。
hive (default)> import table student2 partition(month=‘201809‘) from ‘/user/hive/warehouse/export/student‘;
hive (default)> insert overwrite local directory ‘/opt/module/datas/export/student‘
select * from student;
hive (default)> insert overwrite local directory ‘/opt/module/datas/export/student1‘
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘\t‘ select * from student;
hive (default)> insert overwrite directory ‘/user/itstar/student2‘
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘\t‘
select * from student;
hive (default)> dfs -get /user/hive/warehouse/student/month=201809/000000_0 /opt/module/datas/export/student3.txt;
基本语法:(hive -f/-e 执行语句或者脚本 > file)
[itstar@bigdata111hive]$ bin/hive -e ‘select * from default.student;‘ > /opt/module/datas/export/student4.txt;
hive (default)> export table default.student to ‘/user/hive/warehouse/export/student‘;
后见
注意:Truncate只能删除管理表,不能删除外部表中数据
hive (default)> truncate table student;
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/nthforsth/p/12611536.html