Dockerfile命令

1.了解ARG和FROM之间的交互方式

ARG CODE_VERSION=latest
FROM base:${CODE_VERSION}

2.RUN 执行命令，使用其它shell环境，请使用第三种方式传入所需的shell

1. RUN /bin/bash -c ‘source $HOME/.bashrc; echo $HOME‘
2. RUN /bin/bash -c ‘source $HOME/.bashrc;echo $HOME‘
3. RUN ["/bin/bash", "-c", "echo hello"]
4. RUN echo "Hello world"

3.MAINTAINER 维护者(建议使用LABLE)

1. MAINTAINER os4top16
2. LABEL maintainer="os4top16@gmail.com"

4.LABEL 标签

• 父镜像（基础镜像）中包含的标签在新镜像中任然存在，创建重复的标签，则最近应用的值将会覆盖之前设置的值。可以使用docker inspect查看镜像中的标签

• LABEL "com.example.vendor"="ACME Incorporated"

• LABEL com.example.label-with-value="foo"

• LABEL version="1.0"

• LABEL description="This text illustrates that label-values can span multiple lines."

• LABEL multi.label1="value1" multi.label2="value2" other="value3"

• LABEL multi.label1="value1" \

  multi.label2="value2" \

  other="value3"

5.EXPOSE 设置监听在指定的端口，默认tcp协议

• 要在运行容器时实际发布端口，请在docker run上使用-p标志发布并映射一个或多个端口，或使用-P标志发布所有公开的端口并将其映射到高阶端口（会随机指定端口），如例子3。

• EXPOSE 80/tcp

• EXPOSE 80/udp

• 使用-P标志发布所有公开的端口并将其映射到高阶端口

  [root@localhost data]# docker run -itd --name 03 -P nginx
  8f90cfdba786447a9445719a5ac1eed5272659c80664e9d1500a9951b8801ebb
  [root@localhost data]# docker ps
  CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                              NAMES
  8f90cfdba786        nginx                        "nginx -g ‘daemon of…"   3 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:32768->80/tcp              03
  

6.ENV 创建环境变量 两种形式(form)

`1. ENV myName="John Doe" myDog=Rex The Dog  myCat=fluffy`

 2.`ENV myName John Doe`

ENV myDog Rex The Dog

ENV myCat fluffy

7.ADD 两种形式

ADD [--chown=:] ... ADD [--chown=:] ["",... ""]

ADD hom* /mydir/ ADD hom?.txt /mydir/

ADD https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/gitbook-28427.appspot.com/o/assets%2F-M0facU9lCTIfJSgNM-X%2F-M3iUnQMA0W2SW28aJz0%2F-M3icjxFY2__cCFQ_DIw%2Fopenresty.zip?alt=media&token=41f254a9-6527-4fe3-a099-3f1373802dd8 /mydir/

ADD test relativeDir/ ADD test /absoluteDir/

1. ADD --chown=55:mygroup files* /somedir/

   ADD --chown=bin files* /somedir/

2. ADD --chown=1 files* /somedir/

   ADD --chown=10:11 files* /somedir/

8.COPY

COPY [--chown=:] ... COPY [--chown=:] ["",... ""]

1. COPY test relativeDir/

   COPY test /absoluteDir/

COPY --chown=55:mygroup files /somedir/ COPY --chown=bin files /somedir/ COPY --chown=1 files /somedir/ COPY --chown=10:11 files /somedir/

9.ENTRYPOINT 可执行文件

ENTRYPOINT ["executable", "param1", "param2"] (exec form, preferred) ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2 (shell form)

1. ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b"]

• $ docker run -it --rm --name test top -H

1. ENTRYPOINT exec top -b

• $ docker run -it --rm --name test top

10.VOLUME 创建具有指定名称的安装点

VOLUME /myvol

11.USER

USER [:] or USER [:]

USER yundd

12.WORKDIR 设置RUN,CMD,ENTRYPOINT,COPY和ADD 工作目录

1. WORKDIR /path/to/workdir
2. WORKDIR /a WORKDIR b WORKDIR c RUN pwd

13.ONBUILD 已构建

ONBUILD ADD . /app/src ONBUILD RUN /usr/local/bin/python-build --dir /app/src

14.HEALTHCHECK 健康检查

HEALTHCHECK [OPTIONS] CMD command (check container health by running a command inside the container)

HEALTHCHECK NONE (disable any healthcheck inherited from the base image)

• --interval=DURATION (default: 30s) 间隔
• --timeout=DURATION (default: 30s) 超时时间
• --start-period=DURATION (default: 0s) 开始时间 --retries=N (default: 3) 重试

1. HEALTHCHECK --interval=5m --timeout=3s \

   CMD curl -f http://127.0.0.1:800/ || exit 1

[root@localhost openresty]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                             PORTS                              NAMES
2481edb4bfd5        yundd:v4                     "/usr/bin/openresty …"   21 seconds ago      Up 19 seconds (health: starting)   0.0.0.0:800->800/tcp               openresty

15.SHELL

SHELL ["executable", "parameters"]

FROM microsoft/windowsservercore

# Executed as cmd /S /C echo default
RUN echo default

# Executed as cmd /S /C powershell -command Write-Host default
RUN powershell -command Write-Host default

# Executed as powershell -command Write-Host hello
SHELL ["powershell", "-command"]
RUN Write-Host hello

# Executed as cmd /S /C echo hello
SHELL ["cmd", "/S", "/C"]
RUN echo hello

Dockerfile命令

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/os4top16/p/12621378.html