Python 常用笔记

import time
a = ‘2020-03-06 19:18:00‘
a1 = time.strptime(a,‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘)  #格式化str为time格式
print(time.strftime(‘%Y%m%d‘,a1))  #格式化time格式为str
print(time.asctime(time.localtime(time.time())))  #格式化当前时间为   Thu Apr  7 10:29:13 2016
print (time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))   # 格式化成2016-03-20 11:45:39形式
print (time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y", time.localtime()))  # 格式化成Sat Mar 28 22:24:24 2016形式

a = "Sat Mar 28 22:24:24 2016"
print (time.mktime(time.strptime(a,"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y"))) # 将格式字符串转换为时间戳

import calendar
calendar.month(2016, 1)   #输出2016年1月份的日历

import pandas as pd
pd.to_datetime(‘2016-03-20‘).strftime(‘%Y%m%d‘)  #pandas 格式化str输出

from datetime import datetime,timedelta

datetime.today() # 返回当前时间时分秒都为0
now.isoweekday() # 返回的1-7代表周一--周日
now.weekday() # 返回的0-6代表周一--到周日

(pd.to_datetime(‘20200130‘)+timedelta(days=3)).strftime(‘%Y%m%d‘)  #格式化后三天的日期

now = datetime.now()+timedelta(days=3)
print(now.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d‘)) #格式化当天后三天的日期

import operator,json  

aa = [{"key": "780", "A": ["01", "03", "05", "07", "09"], "T": "1"}, 
{"key": "781", "A": ["01", "03", "05", "07", "09"], "T": "3"}, 
{"key": "782", "A": ["01", "03", "05", "07", "09"], "T": "9"}]
print(json.dumps(aa,indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))
b = sorted(aa,key=operator.itemgetter(‘key‘))  # 列表或json数据排序

#虽说loads是转回json 但是像这样key是单引号不能直接转 需要先dumps
data ="[{‘a‘:1,‘b‘:2,‘c‘:3,‘d‘:4,‘e‘:5}]" 
json1 = json.dumps(data)
print(json.loads(json1))
print(type(json1),json1)

with open(‘222.txt‘,‘r‘) as f2: a = json.load(f2)
json.dump(aa,open(‘111.txt‘,‘w‘),indent=4)

json.loads() #str转json        json.load() #读取文本str格式转json
json.dumps() #输出成字符串　　　　json.dump() #将json写入文本


a = ‘‘.join(str(i)+‘,‘ for i in df1[‘cod‘].tolist())[:-1]  #list转换str

a = [‘e‘, ‘a‘, ‘u‘, ‘o‘, ‘i‘]
a.sort()  #升序 正序
a.sort(reverse=True)  # 降序 逆序   不能存变量
a.sort(key= lambda x : x[1]) # 根据第二个字母排序  默认根据第一个字母排序

sorted(a)  # 可存变量  保留原list  可传参数 reverse = True 降序 ， reverse = False 升序（默认）

sorted([[6,7,8],[2,3,4],[1,2,3]], key=lambda x: x[2]) #多维列表 根据元素排序

sorted(lis,key=lambda x:cod.index(x[0])) #多维列表 根据单维列表进行指定排序  lis为多维 cod是单列表

[[k,v] for k,v in dict(new).items() if k not in dict(B1).keys()]  #二维列表转化成dict，比较两个列表i[0]的差集

[‘别墅‘ if ‘别墅‘ in i else ‘车位‘ if ‘车位‘ in i else ‘高层‘ for i in a]  #列表推导示例
[[i[0],i[2]] for i in old for v in new if i[0] == v[0] and i[2] != ‘0‘]


d = {‘lily‘:25, ‘wangjun‘:22, ‘John‘:25, ‘Mary‘:19}
sorted_keys = sorted(d) # 对字典而言，默认是对keys进行排序
print(sorted_keys)
sorted_keys1 = sorted(d, key=lambda x : x[1])
print(d_new2)

d_new = sorted(d.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True) # 根据年龄排序，返回列表形式
print(d_new)
d_new = dict(d_new) # 使用内置函数把嵌套列表转换成字典
print(d_new)

sorted_values = sorted(d.values(), key=lambda x:x, reverse=False) # 排序值
print(sorted_values)

输出：
[‘John‘, ‘Mary‘, ‘lily‘, ‘wangjun‘]
[‘wangjun‘, ‘Mary‘, ‘lily‘, ‘John‘]
[(‘lily‘, 25), (‘John‘, 25), (‘wangjun‘, 22), (‘Mary‘, 19)]
{‘lily‘: 25, ‘John‘: 25, ‘wangjun‘: 22, ‘Mary‘: 19}
[19, 22, 25, 25]


#互换dick的key和value
d = {‘lily‘:25, ‘wangjun‘:22, ‘John‘:25, ‘Mary‘:19}
d_new = {v:key for key,v in d.items()}
print(d_new)
输出：{25: ‘John‘, 22: ‘wangjun‘, 19: ‘Mary‘} 

df.to_csv(‘abdata.csv‘, mode=‘a‘, encoding=‘utf_8_sig‘) # pandas导出csv 要指定编码

#python2 指定utf8
#coding:utf-8
import sys
reload(sys) 
sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")

f.write(unicode(‘%s-日期    成交:%s万   成交额:%s亿‘%(i[0],i[1],i[2]),"utf-8")+ ‘\n‘)  #py2写入中文也有毛病要加unicode

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from datetime import datetime,timedelta
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import tushare as ts 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import colors
from pylab import mpl  #正常显示画图时出现的中文和符号
import time

ts.set_token("123")
pro = ts.pro_api()

pd.set_option(‘display.unicode.ambiguous_as_wide‘, True)  #设置中文列名对齐
pd.set_option(‘display.unicode.east_asian_width‘, True)  #设置列名对齐
pd.set_option(‘display.max_rows‘,None)     #显示所有行
pd.set_option(‘display.max_columns‘,None)  #显示所有列
pd.set_option(‘expand_frame_repr‘, False)  #设置不换行
pd.set_option(‘max_colwidth‘,100)   #设置显示最大字符
np.set_printoptions(suppress=True)  # 非科学计数法

mpl.rcParams[‘font.sans-serif‘]=[‘SimHei‘]
mpl.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus‘]=False

pd.options.mode.chained_assignment = None 

%matplotlib inline  #jupyter画图用

df[‘aa‘].astype(‘float‘)  #转换整列格式
df.reset_index(drop=True)  #重置index索引 并删除原索引
dfs.drop_duplicates() #去除完全相同的行保留第一行
.loc[‘a1‘]#根据index获取行    .iloc[0].name #根据行号获取行的某个值
# loc和iloc 可以更换单行、单列、多行、多列的值
df1.loc[0,‘age‘]=25      # 思路：先用loc找到要更改的值，再用赋值（=）的方法实现更换值
df1.iloc[0,2]=25         # iloc：用索引位置来查找

# at 、iat只能更换单个值
df1.at[0,‘age‘]=25      # iat 用来取某个单值,参数只能用数字索引
df1.iat[0,2]=25         # at 用来取某个单值,参数只能用index和columns索引名称

#pivot()和unstack()实现行转列
dfcod = counts[[‘cod‘,‘key‘,‘日期1‘,‘日期2‘]].set_index([‘key‘,‘日期1‘,‘日期2‘,‘cod‘]).unstack()
df1 , df2 = df[[‘日期1‘,‘日期2‘,‘key‘]] , df.pivot(‘日期2‘,‘cod‘,v)

#行转列 列转行参考
https://www.cnblogs.com/leohahah/p/9778304.html

#新增一行 用append 但必须要得先创建DataFrame才行
df1=df1.append(new,ignore_index=True)   # ignore_index=True,表示不按原来的索引，从0开始自动递增

#新增一列
tabsdetail[‘SH‘] = sh.append([sh,sh,sh]).tolist()  #sh是Series
tabs.insert(0, ‘总金额‘, [m,m*2,m*3,m*4],allow_duplicates=True)  #指定位置添加一列

np.array(df0[[‘name‘,‘key‘]]).tolist()  #dataframe转化list

dfdata = pd.DataFrame()
dfdata  = dfdata.append(df1,ignore_index=True) #pandas append必须存入变量 否则不生效

pd.DataFrame([[1,2,3],[1,2,3]]，columns=[‘a‘,‘b‘,‘c‘],index=df0.index）  #创建dataframe
df0 = pd.DataFrame({‘id‘:[3,4,5,6,7,3,4,5],
　　‘name‘:[10.54,11.11,12.80,10.05,11.21,10.98,11.12,10.55]},
　　index=(‘a1‘,‘a2‘,‘a3‘,‘a4‘,‘a5‘,‘a6‘,‘a7‘,‘a8‘))

df0.loc[df0[‘id‘] == 3 ,‘key‘] = 1
df0.loc[df0[‘id‘] == 5 ,‘key‘] = 0  # 进行布尔值判断 输出符合条件 
df0[‘key‘] = np.where(df0[‘id‘] == 3 ,1,0)

pd.concat([df0, df1], axis=1)  #合并两个dataframe 
df.index=pd.to_datetime(df.date)  # 将index 改为时间
df=df.sort_index() #排序index
df[‘ret‘]=df.close/df.close.shift(1)-1   # .shift(1) 获取下一个 .shift(-1) 获取上一个

data.sort_values(by=[‘标记‘,‘时间‘],ascending=[False,True])  #多列排序指定升降序

df[‘当天‘].fillna(method=‘ffill‘,inplace=True)  #根据一列nan值填充上一个不为nan的值

df[‘a‘] = (df_new.ret+1.0).cumprod()  #计算当前值并累计连乘   .cumsum()累积连加

df1[‘ret‘].diff()   # 比较上一值与当前值的差
[i for i in df["close"].rolling(k).mean()]   # 移动窗口list的均值
df[‘c‘].rolling(window=10, min_periods=1, center=False).mean()  #Series中计算均值

#dataframe行转列 - 只能根据相同列名不同行名数据转置   适合matplotlib用 单index日期画图   比如多个日期 每个日期中需要转置的行名不得重复
df1 = df[[‘cod‘,‘盈亏‘,‘日期2‘]].pivot(‘日期2‘,‘cod‘,‘盈亏‘).rename_axis([None], axis=1)  # pivot 指定列名 行名 数据  只能固定这三个参数
df1 = df1.rename_axis(None, axis=1).reset_index()   # 取消第一个columns  将其拍平
df1.index=pd.to_datetime(df1.日期2)

#dataframe行转列 - 整合统计用   可以根据多个指定的index  但是set_index必须是前面列表-1的列 不然会乱 前面列表剩下的一个元素就是数据其他为index
dfcod = counts[[‘cod‘,‘key‘,‘盈亏‘,‘日期2‘,‘日期1‘]].set_index([‘key‘,‘日期1‘,‘日期2‘,‘cod‘]).unstack()
dfcod.columns = [s1 +‘_‘+ str(s2) for (s1,s2) in dfcod.columns.tolist()]   # 将其拍平
# dfcod.reset_index(inplace=True)   # 重置index 转成正常的dataframe
dfcod.loc[[‘前10‘]]   # 根据key分组显示index和数据
dfcod

a1.index = a1.index.droplevel()  #删除一个多索引的index-names


# series 根据list 判断是否存在
df0[df0[‘id‘].isin([3,4])]   #根据list获取列表信息
df0[~df0[‘id‘].isin([3,4])]  #根据list获取列表信息 取反

# series 根据list 排序
df[‘words‘] = df[‘words‘].astype(‘category‘)  #必须转换成这个格式
　　df[‘words‘].cat.reorder_categories([1,2,3], inplace=True)  # list长度相等用这个
　　df[‘words‘].cat.set_categories([1,2,3], inplace=True) # list多 用这个
　　df[‘words‘].cat.set_categories([1,2,3], inplace=True)   # list少  用这个
df.sort_values(‘words‘, inplace=True)


#pandas 读写mysql
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
mysq = create_engine(‘mysql+pymysql://root:mysql.123@localhost/abdata?charset=utf8‘)
df.to_sql(‘coun‘,mysq,if_exists=‘append‘,index=False)  # 追加数据
df.to_sql(‘counts‘,mysq,if_exists=‘replace‘,index=False) #删除并写入表
df = pd.read_sql_query(‘select * from cod1‘,mysq)   # 查询mysql表


#pymysql读写mysql
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(‘127.0.0.1‘, ‘root‘, ‘mysql.123‘, ‘data‘,charset=‘utf8‘)
cur = conn.cursor()
sql1 = "SELECT * from (SELECT * from data1 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT %s ) aa order by id" %sum
cur.execute(sql1)
c1 = cur.fetchall()  #读取mysql
conn.commit()  #写入mysql

cur.close()
conn.close()

def show(v):
col = ‘black‘ if v > 0 else ‘green‘
return ‘color:%s‘%col

def background_gradient(s, m, M, cmap=‘PuBu‘, low=0, high=0.8):
rng = M - m
norm = colors.Normalize(m - (rng * low),M + (rng * high))
normed = norm(s.values)
c = [colors.rgb2hex(x) for x in plt.cm.get_cmap(cmap)(normed)]
return [‘" style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);">‘ % color for color in c]

def highlight_max(s,m):
is_max = s == m
return [‘" style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);">‘ if v else ‘‘ for v in is_max]


tabs.style.applymap(show).background_gradient(cmap=‘Reds‘,axis = 1,low = 0,high = 1,subset = set1).apply(background_gradient,cmap=‘Purples‘,m=tabs[set2].min().min(),M=tabs[set2].max().max(),low=0,high=1,subset = set2).apply(highlight_max,m=tabs[set2].max().max()).background_gradient(cmap=‘Wistia‘,axis = 1,subset=[‘总金额‘])

accdeteil.style.applymap(show).background_gradient(cmap=‘Reds‘,axis = 1,low = 0,high = 1).background_gradient(cmap=‘Reds‘,axis = 1,low = 0,high = 1 ,subset=set2).background_gradient(cmap=‘Purples‘,axis = 1,low = 0,high = 1,subset = pd.IndexSlice[‘前10‘,:‘9‘]).background_gradient(cmap=‘Purples‘,axis = 1,low = 0,high = 1,subset = pd.IndexSlice[‘前20‘,:‘9‘]).background_gradient(cmap=‘Purples‘,axis = 1,low = 0,high = 1,subset = pd.IndexSlice[‘前05‘,‘1_‘:]).background_gradient(cmap=‘Purples‘,axis = 1,low = 0,high = 1,subset = pd.IndexSlice[‘前15‘,‘1_‘:]).background_gradient(cmap=‘GnBu‘,axis = 0,low = 0,high = 1 ,subset=[‘SH_‘]).apply(highlight_max,m=tabs[set2].max().max())


#可参考
https://blog.csdn.net/xiaodongxiexie/article/details/71202279

#颜色样式
https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/colors/colormaps.html

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

ax1 = df1[[‘策略净值‘,‘指数净值‘]].plot(figsize=(15,8))  #dataframe折线图
ax1 = ax1.axhline(y=1,ls=":",c="r"),ax1.legend(loc = ‘upper right‘)   #标记0线和指定图例位置
plt.title(‘策略简单回测%s‘%x,size=15)
plt.xlabel(‘‘)

for i in range(len(df1)):
    if df1[‘当天仓位‘][i]==0 and df1[‘当天仓位‘].shift(-1)[i]==1:
        plt.annotate(‘买‘,xy=(df1.index[i],df1.策略净值[i]),arrowprops=dict(facecolor=‘r‘,shrink=0.05))   #标记买卖点
    if df1[‘当天仓位‘][i]==0 and df1[‘当天仓位‘].shift(1)[i]==1:
        plt.annotate(‘卖‘,xy=(df1.index[i],df1.策略净值[i]),arrowprops=dict(facecolor=‘g‘,shrink=0.1))

bbox = dict(boxstyle="round", fc="w", ec="0.5", alpha=0.9)  #指定文字边框样式
t = f‘累计收益率：策略{TA1}%，指数{TA2}%;\n年化收益率：策略{AR1}%，指数{AR2}%;‘+f‘\n最大回撤：  策略{MD1}%，指数{MD2}%;\n策略alpha: {round(alpha,2)}，策略beta：{round(beta,2)}; \n夏普比率：  {S}‘
plt.text(df1.index[0], df1[‘指数净值‘].min(),text,size=13,bbox=bbox)   #指定位置加文字框
ax=plt.gca()   #设置图形样式
ax.spines[‘right‘].set_color(‘none‘)
ax.spines[‘top‘].set_color(‘none‘)
plt.show()

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
headers = {
        ‘User-Agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36‘
    }

htm = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers,timeout=30,stream=False).text
soup = BeautifulSoup(htm, ‘html.parser‘)
txt = soup.find_all(‘div‘, class_=‘lax-s‘)
#txt = soup.find(‘div‘, class_=‘qi‘).children


#etree方式获取   原文  https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/c2Sg_LVTjOokePY2lxCGSA
import requests
import pandas as pd
from pprint import pprint
from lxml import etree
import time
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")

for i in range(1,15):
    print("正在爬取第" + str(i) + "页的数据")
    url = "https://search.51job.com/list/000000,000000,0000,00,9,99,%25E6%2595%25B0%25E6%258D%25AE,2,"+str(i)+‘.html?‘
    headers = {
        ‘User-Agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.86 Safari/537.36‘
    }
    web = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    web.encoding = "gbk"
    dom = etree.HTML(web.text)
    #print(etree.tostring(dom, encoding="utf-8", pretty_print=True).decode("utf-8")) #打印整个html 不能直接print
    # 1、岗位名称
    job_name = dom.xpath(‘//div[@class="dw_table"]/div[@class="el"]//p/span/a[@target="_blank"]/@title‘)
    # 2、公司名称
    company_name = dom.xpath(‘//div[@class="dw_table"]/div[@class="el"]/span[@class="t2"]/a[@target="_blank"]/@title‘)
    # 3、工作地点
    address = dom.xpath(‘//div[@class="dw_table"]/div[@class="el"]/span[@class="t3"]/text()‘)
    # 4、工资：工资这一列有空值，为了保证数据框的一致性。采取以下方式进行数据的获取
    salary_mid = dom.xpath(‘//div[@class="dw_table"]/div[@class="el"]/span[@class="t4"]‘)
    salary = [i.text for i in salary_mid]  #这里None也占一个元素 保持长度一致
    # 5、发布日期
    release_time = dom.xpath(‘//div[@class="dw_table"]/div[@class="el"]/span[@class="t5"]/text()‘)
    #----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
    # 下面获取二级网址的信息。为了获取二级网址的信息，首先需要获取二级网址的url
    # 6、获取二级网址url
    deep_url = dom.xpath(‘//div[@class="dw_table"]/div[@class="el"]//p/span/a[@target="_blank"]/@href‘)
    RandomAll = []
    JobDescribe = []
    CompanyType = []
    CompanySize = []
    Industry = []
    for i in range(len(deep_url)):
        web_test = requests.get(deep_url[i], headers=headers)
        web_test.encoding = "gbk"
        dom_test = etree.HTML(web_test.text)
        # 7、爬取经验、学历信息，先合在一个字段里面，以后再做数据清洗。命名为random_all
        random_all = dom_test.xpath(‘//div[@class="tHeader tHjob"]//div[@class="cn"]/p[@class="msg ltype"]/text()‘)
        # 8、岗位描述性息
        job_describe = dom_test.xpath(‘//div[@class="tBorderTop_box"]//div[@class="bmsg job_msg inbox"]/p/text()‘)
        # 9、公司类型
        company_type = dom_test.xpath(‘//div[@class="tCompany_sidebar"]//div[@class="com_tag"]/p[1]/@title‘)
        # 10、公司规模(人数)
        company_size = dom_test.xpath(‘//div[@class="tCompany_sidebar"]//div[@class="com_tag"]/p[2]/@title‘)
        # 11、所属行业(公司)
        industry = dom_test.xpath(‘//div[@class="tCompany_sidebar"]//div[@class="com_tag"]/p[3]/@title‘)
        # 将上述信息保存到各自的列表中
        RandomAll.append(random_all)
        JobDescribe.append(job_describe)
        CompanyType.append(company_type)
        CompanySize.append(company_size)
        Industry.append(industry)
        # 为了反爬，设置睡眠时间
        time.sleep(1)
    # 由于我们需要爬取很多页，为了防止最后一次性保存所有数据出现的错误，因此，我们每获取一夜的数据，就进行一次数据存取。
    df = pd.DataFrame()
    df["岗位名称"] = job_name
    df["公司名称"] = company_name
    df["工作地点"] = address
    df["工资"] = salary
    df["发布日期"] = release_time
    df["经验、学历"] = RandomAll
    df["公司类型"] = CompanyType
    df["公司规模"] = CompanySize
    df["所属行业"] = Industry
    df["岗位描述"] = JobDescribe
    # 这里在写出过程中，有可能会写入失败，为了解决这个问题，我们使用异常处理。
    try:
        df.to_csv("job_info.csv", mode="a+", header=None, index=None, encoding="gbk")
    except:
        print("当页数据写入失败")
    time.sleep(1)
print("完毕")

#需要安装 tesseract-ocr（需要环境变量） 、chi_sim.traineddata 、 pytesseract-0.2.4 

from PIL import Image
import pytesseract,os,re

png = r‘D:\123\111.png‘
pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = r‘C:\Program Files (x86)\Tesseract-OCR\tesseract.exe‘
img = Image.open(png)
tim = os.stat(png).st_mtime
img1 = img.size
aa = pytesseract.image_to_string(img, lang=‘chi_sim‘)
print(img1,tim)
print(aa)

#需要安装 chromedriver-v69 、ChromeSetup_64_69.exe 

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys


try:
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get("http://user/login")
    time.sleep(1)

    driver.find_element_by_id(‘username‘).send_keys(‘123123‘)
    driver.find_element_by_id(‘password‘).send_keys(‘123123‘)
    driver.find_element_by_id(‘login‘).click()
    time.sleep(2)

    driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="header"]/div[7]/div/div[1]/ul/li[4]/a‘).click()
    time.sleep(2)
    driver.find_elements_by_class_name(‘content‘)[2].click()
    time.sleep(2)

    s1 = driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘i1‘).text
    s2 = s1[3:6]
    s3 = driver.find_element_by_id(‘pre-kanjiang‘).text
    s4 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="money"]/strong‘).text
    s5 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="money"]/em‘).text
    print(‘key=‘, s2, ‘time=‘, s3, s5 + ‘=‘, s4)
    fs.write(‘key=‘ + s2 + ‘\n‘ + ‘time=‘ + s3 + ‘\n‘ + s5 + ‘=‘ + s4 + ‘\n‘)
    time.sleep(2)

    if int(s2) == int(s.get(‘key‘)):
        elements = driver.find_elements_by_class_name(‘code‘)

        if ‘A‘ in s.keys():
            data_values = s.get(‘A‘)
            for i in data_values:
                a_button_index = int(i) - 1
                elements[a_button_index].click()
                print(‘a_button_index = ‘, a_button_index)
                fs.write(‘a_button_index = ‘ + str(a_button_index) + ‘\n‘)
        if ‘B‘ in s.keys():
            data_values = s.get(‘B‘)
            for j in data_values:
                b_button_index = int(j) + 9
                elements[b_button_index].click()
                print(‘b_button_index = ‘, b_button_index)
                fs.write(‘b_button_index = ‘ + str(b_button_index) + ‘\n‘)
        if ‘C‘ in s.keys():
            data_values = s.get(‘C‘)
            for k in data_values:
                c_button_index = int(k) + 19
                elements[c_button_index].click()
                print(‘c_button_index = ‘, c_button_index)
                fs.write(‘c_button_index = ‘ + str(c_button_index) + ‘\n‘)

        time.sleep(1)
        driver.find_elements_by_name(‘danwei‘)[1].click()
        driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘txt‘).clear()
        driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘txt‘).send_keys(int(s.get(‘T‘)) * 1)
        driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘tztj-hover‘).click()
        time.sleep(2)
        driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘tz-true-hover‘).click()

        time.sleep(2)
        driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[2]/div[3]/div/button[1]").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
        time.sleep(2)
        driver.quit()

except Exception as e:
    print(e)

import os,sys,time
import pywinauto
import pywinauto.clipboard
import pywinauto.application
import win32clipboard as wincb
import win32con


def winmax(): #窗口最大化
    if main_window.get_show_state() != 3:
        main_window.maximize()
    main_window.set_focus()

def winmin(): #窗口最小化
    if main_window.GetShowState() != 2:
        main_window.Minimize()

def closepopup():  #关闭弹窗
    popup_hwnd = main_window.PopupWindow()
    if popup_hwnd:
        popup_window = app.window_(handle=popup_hwnd)
        popup_window.SetFocus()
        popup_window.Button.Click()
        return True
    return False

def pos():  #获取持仓并刷新复制到剪切板
    dialog_window.CCustomTabCtrl.ClickInput(coords=(30, 8))  #点击持仓
    dialog_window.Button5.click()
    time.sleep(0.5)
    dialog_window.Button5.click()
    # time.sleep(0.2)
    # dialog_window.CVirtualGridCtrl.RightClick(coords=(100, 70))  # 右击持仓
    # main_window.TypeKeys(‘C‘)   #如果能复制了 就把这些打开

def copypos():  #获取剪切板信息
    wincb.OpenClipboard()
    t = wincb.GetClipboardData(win32con.CF_TEXT)
    wincb.CloseClipboard()
    return t

def copyposition():  #导出持仓并读取
    dialog_window.CVirtualGridCtrl.RightClick(coords=(100, 70))  # 右击持仓
    main_window.TypeKeys(‘S‘)
    time.sleep(0.1)
    closepopup()
    closepopup()
    with open(‘C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/table.xls‘,‘r‘) as f:
        return [[i.split(‘\t‘)[1],i.split(‘\t‘)[3],i.split(‘\t‘)[4]] for i in f.readlines()[1:]]

def order(x):  #B是买  S是卖   开始下单
    dialog_window.TypeKeys("{F6}")
    if x == ‘B‘:
        for i in Blis:
            # dialog_window.window(title_re=‘重填‘).click()
            time.sleep(0.1)
            dialog_window.Edit1.set_focus()
            dialog_window.Edit1.set_edit_text(i[0])
            dialog_window.Edit3.set_edit_text(i[1])
            time.sleep(0.2)
            dialog_window.Button1.click()
    if x == ‘S‘:
        for i in Slis:
            time.sleep(0.1)
            dialog_window.Edit4.set_focus()
            dialog_window.Edit4.set_edit_text(i[0])
            dialog_window.Edit6.set_edit_text(i[1])
            time.sleep(0.2)
            dialog_window.Button2.click()

def cancel(x): #撤单  B:撤买  S:撤卖  all:全撤
    dialog_window.CCustomTabCtrl.ClickInput(coords=(140, 8))  #点击委托
    try:
        dialog_window.Button6.Click()
        time.sleep(0.1)
        dialog_window.Button6.Click()
    except Exception as e:
        pass
    if x == ‘B‘:
        dialog_window.Button8.Click()
    if x == ‘S‘:
        dialog_window.Button9.Click()
    if x == ‘all‘:
        dialog_window.Button7.Click()
    time.sleep(0.1)
    closepopup()

def BSlist(x): #返回买卖剩余量  B是买  S是卖  #如果能复制了 就把old打开
    global Blis
    global Slis
    pos()
    # old = [[i.split(‘\t‘)[1],i.split(‘\t‘)[3],i.split(‘\t‘)[4]] for i in copypos().decode("gb2312").split(‘\r\n‘)[1:]]
    old = copyposition()
    new = [[i[0],‘0‘] for i in Slis if int(i[1]) > 0 ]+Blis
    new = [i for i in new if i[1] != ‘0‘]
    if x == ‘B‘:
        B1 = [[v[0],str(int(i[1])-int(v[1]))] for i in new for v in old if i[0] == v[0]]
        B2 = [[k,v] for k,v in dict(new).items() if k not in dict(B1).keys()]
        Blis = [i for i in B1 if i[1] != ‘0‘]+B2
        return Blis
    if x == ‘S‘:
        Slis = [[i[0],i[2]] for i in old for v in new if i[0] == v[0] and i[2] != ‘0‘]
        return Slis



if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    files = [i for i in os.listdir(‘D:/data/csv/‘) if ‘cod‘ in i]

    Blis = []
    Slis = []
    with open(‘D:/abdata/csv/‘+sorted(files)[-1],‘r‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
        for i in f:
            i = i.strip().split(‘,‘)
            if i[4] == ‘0‘ and int(i[2]) >0:Blis.append([i[0],i[2]])
            if i[4] == ‘1‘ and int(i[2]) >0:Slis.append([i[0],i[2]])

    ‘‘‘
    order(x):  # 需要传参  B是买  S是卖 
    cancel(x): # 撤单  B:撤买  S:撤卖  all:全撤
    BSlist(x): # 返回买卖剩余量  B是买  S是卖
    winmax():  # 窗口最大化                       winmin():  # 窗口最小化
    pos():     # 获取持仓并刷新复制到剪切板      copypos():  # 获取剪切板信息
    closepopup():  #关闭弹窗
    ‘‘‘

    title = ‘网上股票交易系统5.0‘
    app = pywinauto.application.Application()
    app.connect(title=title)
    top_hwnd = pywinauto.findwindows.find_window(title=title)
    dialog_hwnd = pywinauto.findwindows.find_windows(top_level_only=False, class_name=u‘#32770‘, parent=top_hwnd)[0]
    wanted_hwnds = pywinauto.findwindows.find_windows(top_level_only=False, parent=dialog_hwnd)
    main_window = app.window(handle=top_hwnd)
    dialog_window = app.window(handle=dialog_hwnd)
    winmax()  #窗口最大
    # pos()  #获取复制持仓

    B = 1
    S = 1

    while S > 0 :
        closepopup()
        time.sleep(0.5)
        # pos()  #获取复制持仓
        Slis = BSlist(‘S‘)
        S = len(Slis)
        if S > 0:
            closepopup()
            order(‘S‘)
            closepopup()
            time.sleep(2)
            cancel(‘all‘)
            time.sleep(2)

    while B > 0 :
        time.sleep(0.5)
        closepopup()
        # pos()  #获取复制持仓
        Blis = BSlist(‘B‘)
        B = len(Blis)
        if B > 0:
            closepopup()
            order(‘B‘)
            closepopup()
            time.sleep(2)
            cancel(‘all‘)
            time.sleep(2)