在C++中允许在同一作用域内声明几个功能类似的同名函数。也就是说用同一个函数完成不同的功能。重载函数是静态多态性的体现。
const
,引用&
,但是const
与*
或&
结合组成复合运算符时会进行区分,下面会进行代码演示。编译程序时编译器会对函数的原始名称进行名称修饰
,经过修饰得到的名称来表示函数。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Printer
{
private:
int inkVolume;
char printerType;
public:
Printer():inkVolume(0),printerType(‘Z‘)
{cout << "print by none-arg function" <<endl;}
Printer(int vol):inkVolume(vol),printerType(‘Z‘)
{cout << "print by 1-arg function" <<endl;}
Printer(int vol, char type):inkVolume(vol),printerType(type)
{cout << "print by 2-arg function" <<endl;}
//void print(int value){cout << value << " print by function #1" <<endl;}//#1
void print (int value) const {cout << value << " print by const function #2" <<endl;}//#2
void print(int &value){cout << value << " print by function #3" <<endl;}//#3
void print(const int &value){cout << value << " print by function #4" <<endl;}//#4
void print(int &&value){cout << value << " print by function #5" <<endl;}//#5
//int print(int value){cout << value << " print by function #6" <<endl;return 0;}//#6仅返回值不同,编译不通过
//void print(const int value){cout << value << " print by function #7" <<endl;}//#7
//void print(int value, int value2 = 1){cout << value << value2 << " print by function #8" <<endl;}//#8默认参数在后
void print(float value){cout << value << " print by function #9" <<endl;}//#9
void print(char value){cout << value << " print by function #10" <<endl;}//#10
void print(char* value){cout << *value << " print by function #11" <<endl;}//#11
void print(const char* value){cout << *value << " print by function #12" <<endl;}//#12
//void print(char* const value){cout << value << " print by function #13" <<endl;}//#13
};
int main()
{
Printer printer1;
Printer printer2(123);
const Printer printer3(123,‘A‘);
int intValue = 123;
const int c_intValue = 1234;
float floatValue = 1.1;
char charValue = ‘A‘;
char* p_charValue = new char(‘B‘);
const char* cp_charValue = new char(‘C‘);
//printer1.print(1);//1 是 立即数常量 可以调用#1,#4,#5 ,#2(当且仅当仅存在#2时)
printer3.print(1);//只调用 #2
printer1.print(intValue);//#3
printer1.print(c_intValue);//#4
printer1.print(1+1);//#5
printer1.print(floatValue);//#9
printer1.print(charValue);//#10
printer1.print(p_charValue);//#11
printer1.print(cp_charValue);//#12
return 0;
}
/* 运行结果为:
print by none-arg function
print by 1-arg function
print by 2-arg function
1 print by const function #2
123 print by function #3
1234 print by function #4
2 print by function #5
1.1 print by function #9
A print by function #10
B print by function #11
C print by function #12
--------------------------------
Process exited after 0.09048 seconds with return value 0
请按任意键继续. . .
*/
int value
和 const int value
没有区别,作为参数时都不会改变实参的值。不可重载。char *value
和const char *value
是有区别的,前者指向一个字符串变量,后者指向一个字符串常量。可重载。char *value
和char const *value
没有区别,前者为字符指针变量,后者为字符指针常量。作为参数时都不会改变实参的值。不可重载。int &value
和const int &value
是有区别的,前者指向一个整型变量,后者指向一个整型常量。可重载。int &&value
&&表示右值引用原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/realZhaZhaHui/p/12757835.html